Resilient Green Collective Spaces. A Lesson for UNIPA Campus from Case Studies

As urbanization intensifies globally, universities play a crucial role in pioneering sustainable urban development strategies. This study explores the implementation of Nature-based Solutions (NbS) in university campuses, analyzing case studies that integrate ecological principles with intelligent systems to enhance environmental performance and user well-being. The first phase of the research examines the methodologies adopted, the specific strategies applied, and their effectiveness in improving both outdoor and indoor comfort. By identifying key lessons learned and best practices all over the world, this study provides a structured framework for adapting successful approaches to new contexts. The second phase of the research focuses on applying these insights to the campus of the University of Palermo, using a methodology transfer process to define strategies tailored to its specific environmental and climatic conditions. The goal is to improve thermal comfort, air quality, and overall livability of indoor and outdoor spaces through innovative, data-driven nature-based solutions. Special attention is given to technical application, interdisciplinary collaboration, stakeholder engagement, and adaptive management, ensuring that the proposed interventions are both scalable and sustainable. Moreover, the study addresses emerging challenges, such as the replicability of NbS across different geographic contexts, the integration of smart monitoring technologies, and the ethical implications of data-driven environmental management. Through this analysis, the research provides valuable insights into the potential and limitations of NbS, demonstrating how universities can serve as living laboratories for sustainable urban innovation while responding to the specific needs of their communities.