The early imperial sculptures from the Roman colonies of Tyndaris and Syracusae are examined by means of a contextual approach, with the aim of defining the urban statuescape. At Tyndaris, a large statuary group of the Julio-Claudian family (expanded until the late 3rd century A.D.) was found in the “Basilica” complex from 18th century, but its homogeneity and its consistence with the architectural ensemble were ignored until recently. Several observations about the topographical context confirm a Julio-Claudian chronology (epoch of Claudius) of the building: it likely succeeded a major seismic catastrophe originating from the Tyndaris fault (probably the same that devastated NE Sicily and the Straits of Messina during the reign of Tiberius). The imperial statues were partly displayed in the central nave of the “Basilica”, partly in the sacella on the back of the inner porticoes of the complex, while the statue of the divus Augustus (the earliest one in that group) was likely in a marble temple, of which some small element was found. At Syracuse, the sculptural findings seem to be sparser, however they belong to some important contexts: - the forum, where some portrait statues (togati and female statues) were dedicated, from Augustan age on, among which a possible group of early Neronian age (Nero, Britannicus and maybe Agrippina); - a cult place of Roma and Augustus, not far, to which most probably two statues of Caligulan age belong (a torso of the goddess Roma and a statue of a flamen Augustalis, perhaps Germanicus), though they were found in a secondary context (in the site of the s.c. Ginnasio romano); - the entrance area of the amphitheater, where an altar(?) with togate figures was found (lost), and a cuirassed statue in Mars Ultor type, most probably portraying Caligula; -the theatre, where an altar with figural motifs typical of Augustan imagery (the Palladium, the laurels) gave the building an authoritative-religious touch. A certain growth of testimonia during the reign of Caligula is probably linked to the visit of the emperor and to the related activities of great symbolic value (reconstruction of temples and city walls, ludi astici in the theatre).

Vengono esaminati i rinvenimenti scultorei di età protoimperiale dalle colonie romane di Tindari e Siracusa, indagandone i nessi contestuali e cercando di definire il “paesaggio statuario” urbano. A Tindari, il complesso della cd. “Basilica” ha restituito un ingente ciclo giulio-claudio, implementato fino all’avanzato III secolo d.C., del quale fino a tempi recenti non è stata colta l’unitarietà e la relazione con l’insieme architettonico. Una serie di considerazioni sul contesto topografico avvalorano la datazione claudia dell’edificio e suggeriscono la sua erezione all’indomani di un grave evento distruttivo, identificabile con verosimiglianza con il terremoto che sotto Tiberio devastò la parte nord-est della Sicilia e lo Stretto, originatosi nella faglia di Tindari. Le statue erano esposte in parte nella navata centrale della “Basilica”, in parte nei sacelli sul retro dei portici della corte interna, mentre la statua di Augusto divinizzato (la più antica del ciclo) potrebbe anche essere stata eretta o ricollocata in un tempio marmoreo di cui resta qualche frustulo. A Siracusa, i rinvenimenti sono apparentemente meno coesi, ma possono essere ricondotti ad alcuni contesti significativi: il foro, con alcune statue iconiche (togati e figure femminili) a partire da età augustea, fra cui tre potrebbero appartenere ad un gruppo imperiale di età neroniana (Nerone, Britannico, forse Agrippina); un possibile santuario di Roma e Augusto nelle vicinanze, di cui restano la statua della dea Roma e una statua di flamen Augustalis (Germanico?) di età caligolea, rinvenuti in collocazione secondaria nel cd. “Ginnasio romano”; la zona d’ingresso dell’anfiteatro, da dove provengono un altare(?) con corteo di togati (disperso), e un torso loricato tipo Marte Ultore, riferibile probabilmente a Caligola; il teatro, dove un altare con figure simboliche del “mito augusteo” (Palladio e allori) “riconsacrava” l’edificio per spettacoli “nel segno” del fondatore della colonia. Si riconosce un addensamento di testimonianze nell’età di Caligola, in relazione con la visita dell’imperatore e le correlate attività di grande impatto simbolico (ricostruzione di templi e mura, ludi astici nel teatro).

Portale, E.C. (2024). “Quodammodo suburbana provincia”: immagini e contesti nelle città di Sicilia (I secolo a.C.- I secolo d.C.). In L.M. Caliò, L. Campagna, G.M. Gerogiannis, E.C. Portale, L. Sole (a cura di), La Sicilia fra le guerre civili e l’epoca giulio-claudia (pp. 431-462). Roma : Edizioni Quasar.

“Quodammodo suburbana provincia”: immagini e contesti nelle città di Sicilia (I secolo a.C.- I secolo d.C.)

Portale, Elisa Chiara
2024-01-01

Abstract

The early imperial sculptures from the Roman colonies of Tyndaris and Syracusae are examined by means of a contextual approach, with the aim of defining the urban statuescape. At Tyndaris, a large statuary group of the Julio-Claudian family (expanded until the late 3rd century A.D.) was found in the “Basilica” complex from 18th century, but its homogeneity and its consistence with the architectural ensemble were ignored until recently. Several observations about the topographical context confirm a Julio-Claudian chronology (epoch of Claudius) of the building: it likely succeeded a major seismic catastrophe originating from the Tyndaris fault (probably the same that devastated NE Sicily and the Straits of Messina during the reign of Tiberius). The imperial statues were partly displayed in the central nave of the “Basilica”, partly in the sacella on the back of the inner porticoes of the complex, while the statue of the divus Augustus (the earliest one in that group) was likely in a marble temple, of which some small element was found. At Syracuse, the sculptural findings seem to be sparser, however they belong to some important contexts: - the forum, where some portrait statues (togati and female statues) were dedicated, from Augustan age on, among which a possible group of early Neronian age (Nero, Britannicus and maybe Agrippina); - a cult place of Roma and Augustus, not far, to which most probably two statues of Caligulan age belong (a torso of the goddess Roma and a statue of a flamen Augustalis, perhaps Germanicus), though they were found in a secondary context (in the site of the s.c. Ginnasio romano); - the entrance area of the amphitheater, where an altar(?) with togate figures was found (lost), and a cuirassed statue in Mars Ultor type, most probably portraying Caligula; -the theatre, where an altar with figural motifs typical of Augustan imagery (the Palladium, the laurels) gave the building an authoritative-religious touch. A certain growth of testimonia during the reign of Caligula is probably linked to the visit of the emperor and to the related activities of great symbolic value (reconstruction of temples and city walls, ludi astici in the theatre).
2024
Settore ARCH-01/D - Archeologia classica
978-88-5491-495-7
Portale, E.C. (2024). “Quodammodo suburbana provincia”: immagini e contesti nelle città di Sicilia (I secolo a.C.- I secolo d.C.). In L.M. Caliò, L. Campagna, G.M. Gerogiannis, E.C. Portale, L. Sole (a cura di), La Sicilia fra le guerre civili e l’epoca giulio-claudia (pp. 431-462). Roma : Edizioni Quasar.
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
Quodammodo 23_Portale.pdf

Solo gestori archvio

Descrizione: Articolo principale con frontespizio e indice
Tipologia: Versione Editoriale
Dimensione 2.04 MB
Formato Adobe PDF
2.04 MB Adobe PDF   Visualizza/Apri   Richiedi una copia

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10447/664523
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus ND
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? ND
social impact