A common feature of the crises that have affected the legal systems of the 21st century, even though they are qualitatively different phenomena, has been the reshaping of certain traditional categories and models, closely linked to the dimension of the sources of law. The pandemic has produced a multidirectional impact, involving not only the institutional level but also the foundations of the form of state in contemporary legal systems. Concerning this last profile, assessed in its vertical dimension, it has been pointed out in doctrine how the composite states have been subjected to a veritable stress test that has constituted a moment of verification of the resilience of the decentralization model adopted. In this context, in decentralized systems, the pandemic has ended up representing a valid test of the positively elastic or irresponsibly fragmented character of the system of vertical distribution of powers. And it is about this last outlined profile that this contribution dwells on two concrete experiences, that of Spain and Belgium. In both the systems under consideration, with specific reference to the health crisis caused by the spread of Covid-19, the pandemic was assessed, albeit at different times and in different ways, as an emergency event that affected, and altered, the constitutional public order. Both systems also share a dynamic territorial structure, which leaves the decentralization model that each of them represents in the comparative landscape still open to possible development. The attention that must continue to be paid in the early stages of the pandemic emergency is, therefore, instrumental and preparatory to the prospect of possible reform interventions.
Un tratto comune alle crisi che hanno interessato gli ordinamenti giuridici del XXI secolo, pur trattandosi di fenomeni qualitativamente diversi, è stata la rimodulazione di alcune categorie e di alcuni modelli tradizionali, strettamente connessi alla dimensione delle fonti del diritto. L’emergenza pandemica ha tuttavia prodotto un impatto multidirezionale, coinvolgendo non solo il piano istituzionale, ma anche le fondamenta della forma di Stato degli ordinamenti contemporanei. Rispetto a tale ultimo profilo, valutato nella sua dimensione verticale, in dottrina è stato evidenziato come gli Stati composti siano stati sottoposti a un vero e proprio stress test che ha costituito un momento di verifica della tenuta del modello di decentramento adottato. In tale contesto, negli ordinamenti decentranti la pandemia ha finito per rappresentare un valido banco di prova del carattere positivamente elastico o irresponsabilmente frammentato del sistema di distribuzione verticale dei poteri. Ed è in relazione a quest’ultimo profilo delineato che il presente contributo, si sofferma su due esperienze concrete, quella spagnola e quella belga. In entrambi gli ordinamenti in esame, con specifico riferimento alla crisi sanitaria cagionata dalla diffusione del Covid-19, la pandemia è stata valutata, seppur con tempi e modalità diverse, come un fatto emergenziale che ha inciso, alterandolo, sull’ordine pubblico costituzionale. Entrambi gli ordinamenti condividono, inoltre, un assetto territoriale dinamico, che lascia ancora aperto a possibili sviluppi il modello di decentramento che ciascuno di essi rappresenta nel panorama comparato. L’attenzione che tutt’oggi è necessario continuare a riporre nelle prime fasi dell’emergenza pandemica è, quindi, strumentale e propedeutica alla prospettazione di possibili interventi di riforma.
Isabella Maria Lo Presti (2022). Spazi e forme della cooperazione multilivello nell’emergenza pandemica in Belgio e in Spagna. GRUPPO DI PISA(5), 267-279.
Spazi e forme della cooperazione multilivello nell’emergenza pandemica in Belgio e in Spagna
Isabella Maria Lo Presti
2022-01-01
Abstract
A common feature of the crises that have affected the legal systems of the 21st century, even though they are qualitatively different phenomena, has been the reshaping of certain traditional categories and models, closely linked to the dimension of the sources of law. The pandemic has produced a multidirectional impact, involving not only the institutional level but also the foundations of the form of state in contemporary legal systems. Concerning this last profile, assessed in its vertical dimension, it has been pointed out in doctrine how the composite states have been subjected to a veritable stress test that has constituted a moment of verification of the resilience of the decentralization model adopted. In this context, in decentralized systems, the pandemic has ended up representing a valid test of the positively elastic or irresponsibly fragmented character of the system of vertical distribution of powers. And it is about this last outlined profile that this contribution dwells on two concrete experiences, that of Spain and Belgium. In both the systems under consideration, with specific reference to the health crisis caused by the spread of Covid-19, the pandemic was assessed, albeit at different times and in different ways, as an emergency event that affected, and altered, the constitutional public order. Both systems also share a dynamic territorial structure, which leaves the decentralization model that each of them represents in the comparative landscape still open to possible development. The attention that must continue to be paid in the early stages of the pandemic emergency is, therefore, instrumental and preparatory to the prospect of possible reform interventions.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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