An innovative Blockchain-based model to implement the 2030 Agenda in Italy

One of the most crucial collective efforts in history for improving the lives of billions of people is the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The assessment of the implementation of the SDGs in Italy in 2019 demonstrates that, overall, Italian cities have achieved 53% of the implementation of the SDGs from 100 percent full achievement. In addition, in many regions, the investigation verifies the gap between the country's north and south. Given that the use of the transformational power of blockchain to achieve the SDGs looks promising, the goal of this study is to explore how blockchain may improve the implementation of the 2030 Agenda in Italy. In this research, a qualitative approach and the strategy of the systematic literature review and thematic analysis have been adopted. Our proposed model includes Big Data, Data Mining, Ethereum, and (IPFS), and NoSQL. The originality of the paper consists of developing an innovative blockchain model to adopt the potential of blockchain technology to implement the 2030 Agenda considering existing discussions in governance science, sustainability science, and data science. Consequentially, due to its comprehensive and structured nature, superior to existing approaches. The research findings offer insights to the policymakers and authorities at the regional and national levels on how to implement the 2030 Agenda through blockchain-based innovative solutions in Italy to reduce territorial inequalities between regions in Italy. and provides support knowledge to define Italy's sustainable development strategy toward achieving the 2030 Agenda in Italy.