Is Citizen Science a valid tool for monitoring alien species in Marine Protected Areas?

We report on our experience of NIS monitoring within the Egadi Islands MPA and at Pianosa Island National Park of Tuscan Archipelago through Citizen Science projects The Projects Caea cdacea Egadi Islands and Aliens in the Sea allowed to gather useful information on the distribution and colonisation strategies of NIS and cryptogenic species within the Egadi Islands MPA The project Percorsi nel bluBlue Paths allowed to register the first record of two cryptogenic species, Aa dacea Rang, and Pec gbbe H Milne Edwards, , at Pianosa Island As in MPAs the protection does not hinder the introduction and spreading of NIS, we expect they are likely to continue to arrive and expand in the absence of effective management actions In this respect, Citizen Science activities eg monitoring and surveillance plans, public campaigns raising awareness in tourists and stakeholders certainly could usefully support not only the research on NIS but also their management in MPAs.