The Retirement and Early Retirement in Italy: a System Dynamics approach

The main aim of this study is underline that System Dynamics approach allows the building of a general framework in which psychological, economic, social, legal and organizational variables converge to describe the retirement behaviour and its main unintended consequences. It’s emphasized that organizational commitment and psychological contract breach play a considerable role in the dynamics of retirement behaviour. In the first part of this paper, an analysis of main contributions in the retirement and early retirement fields is outlined. Further, the psychological, social, economical and legal approach to retirement behaviour is also briefly remarked. In the second part, retirement phenomenon, dynamics of the key-variables, problem issues, feedback analysis of adopted public policies, unintended consequences of public policies and policy design to remove these consequences are discussed. Results confirm that system archetypes are fundamental in the understanding the complex system that countersign retirement behaviour.