The tradition of weight-bearing walls in the Western Sicily - mainly due to the frequent earthquakes occurring in Palermo between the XVIII-XIX centuries (the most destructive happened in 1726, 1751, and 1823) - imposed new types of masonry that, following the precepts of the rule of the art, suggested more stringent methods of well-construction, both in the choice of materials and in the adoption of novel constructive technologies. The technical culture of that time was able to refile the constructive methods introducing appropriate improvements and experiments, which promoted the development of new knowledge (matter, materials, and constructive techniques), systems of consolidation and anti-seismic techniques, both for the introduction of new materials and in the identification of the most appropriate masonry. The result is a compendium of noteworthy techniques that brilliantly solved the problems related to the seismic risk as well as helped the interaction between masonry, depending on types, and the other structural and not structural systems (floors, vaults, roofs, overhangs, ceilings, etc.) connected to it. The aim of this work is analyzing the consolidated construction practices – also through new documentary acquisitions – and discussing some cases of study, that identify some notable exampla for the originality and the experimentation of the final adopted solutions. At the same time, we want to produce an atlas of traditional constructive techniques that may be extremely useful to scholars investigating the field of historical construction as well as to technicians and contractors working in restoration and structural reinforcements towards a respectful and compatible project. Moreover, in comparison to the knowledge of construction rules handed by treaties and manuals, we want to transmit the building techniques of the Sicilian tradition, in order to properly report them in respect to a wider technical ambit, emphasizing also the specific characteristics and elements of originality that we have founded during our researches.

La tradizione costruttiva di apparecchi murari nella Sicilia occidentale - soprattutto a causa dei frequenti terremoti che si verificarono a Palermo tra i secoli XVIII-XIX (il più distruttivo avvenuto nel 1726, seguito da quelli del 1751, e 1823) - impose la realizzazione di nuovi tipi di muratura che, nel rispetto dei precetti della regola dell'arte, suggeriscono metodi più severi di quella che si può definire la "buona" costruzione muraria, sia nella scelta dei materiali che nell'adozione di nuove tecniche costruttive. La cultura tecnica di quel tempo era in grado di definire metodi costruttivi, introducendo appropriati miglioramenti e sperimentazioni, che promossero nuove conoscenze, tecniche di consolidamento, anche antisismiche, sia tramite l'introduzione di nuovi materiali che nell'identificazione -caso per caso -della muratura più appropriata. Ne deriva un compendio di tecniche che risolsero brillantemente i problemi relativi al rischio sismico e favorirono l'interazione tra la muratura, a seconda del tipo, e gli altri sistemi strutturali (solai, volte, sistemi di copertura, aggetti, controsoffitti, ecc) inseriti e/o intimamente collegati ad essa. Lo scopo di questo studio è quello di analizzare le pratiche costruttive consolidate - anche attraverso nuove acquisizioni documentarie - e di trattare nello specifico alcuni casi di studio, che identificano notevoli "exampla" per la loro originalità e la sperimentazione delle soluzioni finali adottate. Allo stesso tempo, si vuole produrre un atlante delle tecniche costruttive tradizionali che può rilevarsi estremamente utile per gli studiosi che indagano nel campo della costruzione storica, nonché per i tecnici e gli operatori che agiscono nel campo del restauro e del consolidamento strutturale, indirizzandoli verso un progetto rispettoso e compatibile. Inoltre, attraverso un confronto con le regole di costruzione evidenziate da trattati e manuali, si vogliono mettere in luce le tecniche costruttive della tradizione siciliana, al fine di segnalarle ad un ambito tecnico più ampio, evidenziando anche le caratteristiche e gli elementi di specifici originalità che si sono riscontrati durante la ricerca.

Campisi, T., Saeli, M. (2016). Constructive characters of the Western Sicilian masonry in the XVIII and XIX centuries. In REHABEND 2016 : Euro-American Congress : Construction pathology, rehabilitation technology and heritage management (pp. 1237-1244). Burgos : Serigrafias Serimas, S.A..

Constructive characters of the Western Sicilian masonry in the XVIII and XIX centuries

CAMPISI, Tiziana
;
SAELI, Manfredi
2016-01-01

Abstract

The tradition of weight-bearing walls in the Western Sicily - mainly due to the frequent earthquakes occurring in Palermo between the XVIII-XIX centuries (the most destructive happened in 1726, 1751, and 1823) - imposed new types of masonry that, following the precepts of the rule of the art, suggested more stringent methods of well-construction, both in the choice of materials and in the adoption of novel constructive technologies. The technical culture of that time was able to refile the constructive methods introducing appropriate improvements and experiments, which promoted the development of new knowledge (matter, materials, and constructive techniques), systems of consolidation and anti-seismic techniques, both for the introduction of new materials and in the identification of the most appropriate masonry. The result is a compendium of noteworthy techniques that brilliantly solved the problems related to the seismic risk as well as helped the interaction between masonry, depending on types, and the other structural and not structural systems (floors, vaults, roofs, overhangs, ceilings, etc.) connected to it. The aim of this work is analyzing the consolidated construction practices – also through new documentary acquisitions – and discussing some cases of study, that identify some notable exampla for the originality and the experimentation of the final adopted solutions. At the same time, we want to produce an atlas of traditional constructive techniques that may be extremely useful to scholars investigating the field of historical construction as well as to technicians and contractors working in restoration and structural reinforcements towards a respectful and compatible project. Moreover, in comparison to the knowledge of construction rules handed by treaties and manuals, we want to transmit the building techniques of the Sicilian tradition, in order to properly report them in respect to a wider technical ambit, emphasizing also the specific characteristics and elements of originality that we have founded during our researches.
2016
Settore ICAR/10 - Architettura Tecnica
978-84-608-7941-1
Campisi, T., Saeli, M. (2016). Constructive characters of the Western Sicilian masonry in the XVIII and XIX centuries. In REHABEND 2016 : Euro-American Congress : Construction pathology, rehabilitation technology and heritage management (pp. 1237-1244). Burgos : Serigrafias Serimas, S.A..
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10447/180332
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