Obesity is increasingly recognized as a very complex metabolic state. Besides visceral obesity and white adipose tissue (WAT) function, the most recent studies point to a major metabolic role of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in energy metabolism. Visceral obesity is associated with hypoxia of adipose tissue and inflammation, both these features being also present in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Obesity and OSA may share some common pathogenetic mechanisms, since hypoxia and inflammation are major features of OSA as well. However, the unique pattern of intermittent hypoxia occurring in OSA patients during sleep may modify the response of WAT and BAT in both lean and obese subjects. This area is currently being investigated and may provide new insights into the complexity of both obesity and OSA. Finally, sleep disruption or insufficient sleep could further contribute to the metabolic abnormalities of both obesity and OSA.
Bonsignore, M.R., Mazzuca, E., Gruttad’Auria, C.I., Marotta, A.M., Castrogiovanni, A., Marrone, O. (2015). Adipose tissue in sleep apnea: effects of hypoxia and inflammation. In Watson RR (a cura di), Modulation of sleep by obesity, diabetes, age and diet (pp. 69-76). Elsevier [10.1016/B978-0-12-420168-2.00008-9].
Adipose tissue in sleep apnea: effects of hypoxia and inflammation
BONSIGNORE, Maria Rosaria;MAZZUCA, Emilia;GRUTTAD'AURIA, Claudia Irene;MAROTTA, Anna Maria;CASTROGIOVANNI, Alessandra;
2015-01-01
Abstract
Obesity is increasingly recognized as a very complex metabolic state. Besides visceral obesity and white adipose tissue (WAT) function, the most recent studies point to a major metabolic role of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in energy metabolism. Visceral obesity is associated with hypoxia of adipose tissue and inflammation, both these features being also present in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Obesity and OSA may share some common pathogenetic mechanisms, since hypoxia and inflammation are major features of OSA as well. However, the unique pattern of intermittent hypoxia occurring in OSA patients during sleep may modify the response of WAT and BAT in both lean and obese subjects. This area is currently being investigated and may provide new insights into the complexity of both obesity and OSA. Finally, sleep disruption or insufficient sleep could further contribute to the metabolic abnormalities of both obesity and OSA.
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