Molecular Design and Role of the Dynamic Hydrogen Bonds and Hydrophobic Interactions in Temperature-Switchable Polymers: From Understanding to Applications

Temperature-induced transitions in polymer systems, often governed by a phenomenon called critical solution temperatures (CSTs), lie on the basis of various advanced technologies such as tissues detachment, smart windows, enhanced DNA biosensors, etc. Despite this application-oriented progress, the molecular mechanisms of the temperature-induced transition based on CSTs remain often underexplored or weakly explained. In this review, we focus on the different molecular mechanisms driving CST-based transitions, systematizing information on homofunctional polymer systems. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for manipulating temperature-sensitive properties, which offers significant potential for future innovations in smart materials.