A High Q‐Factor Microwave Sensor Based on Metamaterial Structure for Solid Characterization

This study introduces the conceptual development and evaluation of a microwave sensor based on a split ring resonator as ametamaterial structure, aimed at achieving enhanced Q-factor for solid characterization. The proposed configuration utilizes theresonant characteristic inherent to metamaterials and exploits the substantial coupling between electromagnetic fields to facilitatehigh Q-factor deriving sharp resonance at 2.16 GHz for solid detection. The suggested sensor is simulated in HFSS software forcommon substrates used in antenna fabrication, such as FR-4 and Rogers. The results demonstrate that variations in the differentdielectric constant and height of solid under test (SUT) cause corresponding shifts in the resonant frequency. Due to the highQ-factor, this design provides widespread applications like new material detection and quality control processes industries. TheQ-factor of proposed sensor is 42.2 at 2.16 GHz. In addition, the sensor sensitivity and dimensions are 1.63%, 0.28λ0 ×0.28λ0 ×0.02λ0where λ0 indicates the wavelength in free space, respectively.