Methyl salicylate as a dose-dependent fumigant against common stored product pests: A comparative laboratory study

Stored product pests pose a significant threat to global food security, leading to substantial economic losses in agricultural commodities. Traditionally controlled with synthetic pesticides, these pests have developed resistance, raising environmental and health concerns, driving the search for alternative strategies. In this study, we assessed the effect of methyl salicylate (MeSa), a naturally occurring compound with several promising properties for pest control, against three stored product pest species: Sitophilus oryzae, Tribolium castaneum and Trogoderma granarium. Laboratory bioassays were conducted to assess mortality rates by fumigation across doses ranging from 2 to 10 mg in 120 mL containers where adults were placed. The results demonstrated dose-dependent variations in mortality among the species. After 48h from the treatment MeSA demonstrated strong insecticidal activity against Tro. granarium, achieving over 80 % mortality across all tested doses, while Tri. castaneum showed a dose-dependent response, reaching approximately 70 % mortality at 10 mg. In contrast, S. oryzae exhibited limited susceptibility, with mortality peaking at around 37 % at the highest dose of 10 mg.This variation in susceptibility among species underscores the importance of species-specific evaluations. Overall, the findings of this study highlight the potential of MeSA as a sustainable alternative to synthetic insecticides, particularly to Tro. granarium. This study encourages further investigation of the mechanisms of action and field efficacy of MeSA to evaluate its possible application in pest management strategies.