Impact of Bovine Serum Albumin on the Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Arbutus unedo L. Extract

This study explored the impact of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Arbutus unedo leaf extract and its polyphenolic compounds. HPLC-MS analysis identified compounds like quinic acid, arbutin, and flavonoids. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using ferric reducing power, phosphomolybdenum, and DPPH assays, while anti-inflammatory effects were assessed via red blood cell membrane stability. BSA enhanced hydroxyl radical scavenging but reduced ferric reducing power and total antioxidant capacity, with no significant anti-inflammatory improvement. The findings reveal assay-dependent effects of BSA due to protein–polyphenol interactions, emphasizing the need for further research to optimize therapeutic potential.