Dall’esclusione all’inclusione: note su una storia dell’educazione dei ciechi

This article presents a brief reconstruction of the history of education for the blind. From the classical age to modernity, the blind were placed on the margins of society and it was not until the Age of Enlightenment that the first welfare and educational institutions were created. A decisive role in the history of education for the blind was played by Luis Braille, who created the alphabet for the blind, and Augusto Romagnoli, who founded typhlopedagogy, inaugurating the path to inclusion for the blind. The history of education for the blind presents a dialectic between normalisation and specialisation, both of which are important for initiating a path of personal development in the blind as well.