In the absence of an express provision of law, the Court's legitimacy had stated that the pre-emption legal or conventional, planned for the possibility of voluntary transfer of the property, can not be applied in the forced sale, since the order of transfer is pronounced by the executing court in favor of the contractor, regardless of the will of the transferor-enforcement is. The person who entered into a preliminary agreement with the manufacturer for the purchase of a property to be carried out and paid by way of deposit, part of the consideration, was exposed to a real risk of losing both the sums already paid, and the possibility of achieving ownership of the property. The prospective buyer appeared, therefore, unprotected every time, before the signing of the final contract, the manufacturer was subject to an insolvency proceeding and the trustee opted for the dissolution of the preliminary. In this case the buyer not only became the owner of the property but, although he had obtained possession, he was required to release it. The legislature, however, taking the moves right from the discipline of the various types of legal pre-emption, used in Legislative Decree no. N. 122/2005 the mechanism of the right of first refusal for the specific purpose of protecting the interests recognized as worthy of protection in the event of a forced transfer of property rights, without prejudice to the right of the third party provider and contractor for the proper conduct of the subprocedimento sales.
In mancanza di un’espressa previsione normativa, la giurisprudenza di legittimità aveva affermato che le prelazioni legali o convenzionali, previste per l’ipotesi di trasferimento volontario del bene, non possono trovare applicazione in sede di vendita forzata, atteso che il decreto di trasferimento viene pronunciato dal giudice dell’esecuzione a favore dell’aggiudicatario, indipendentemente dalla volontà dell’alienante-esecutato. Il soggetto che stipulava con il costruttore un contratto preliminare per l’acquisto di un immobile da realizzare e versava, a titolo di acconto, parte del corrispettivo, era esposto al rischio concreto di perdere sia le somme già pagate, sia la possibilità di conseguire la proprietà del bene. Il promissario acquirente risultava, dunque, privo di tutela ogni volta che, prima della stipula del contratto definitivo, il costruttore veniva sottoposto ad una procedura concorsuale ed il curatore optava per lo scioglimento del preliminare. In tale eventualità l’acquirente non solo non diveniva proprietario dell’immobile ma, nonostante ne avesse conseguito il possesso, era tenuto a rilasciarlo. Il legislatore, invece, prendendo le mosse proprio dalla disciplina delle varie fattispecie di prelazione legale, ha utilizzato nel d.lgs. n. 122/2005 il meccanismo del diritto di prelazione allo specifico scopo di tutelare interessi riconosciuti meritevoli di tutela in caso di trasferimento coattivo del diritto di proprietà, senza però pregiudicare il diritto dei terzi offerenti e dell'aggiudicatario al corretto svolgimento del subprocedimento di vendita.
FARINA, P. (2008). Vendita forzata e tutela dell'acquirente dell'immobile da costruire. In Studi in onore di Carmine Punzi, vol. 3 (pp. 527-541). Torino : Giappichelli.
Vendita forzata e tutela dell'acquirente dell'immobile da costruire
FARINA, PASQUALINA
2008-01-01
Abstract
In the absence of an express provision of law, the Court's legitimacy had stated that the pre-emption legal or conventional, planned for the possibility of voluntary transfer of the property, can not be applied in the forced sale, since the order of transfer is pronounced by the executing court in favor of the contractor, regardless of the will of the transferor-enforcement is. The person who entered into a preliminary agreement with the manufacturer for the purchase of a property to be carried out and paid by way of deposit, part of the consideration, was exposed to a real risk of losing both the sums already paid, and the possibility of achieving ownership of the property. The prospective buyer appeared, therefore, unprotected every time, before the signing of the final contract, the manufacturer was subject to an insolvency proceeding and the trustee opted for the dissolution of the preliminary. In this case the buyer not only became the owner of the property but, although he had obtained possession, he was required to release it. The legislature, however, taking the moves right from the discipline of the various types of legal pre-emption, used in Legislative Decree no. N. 122/2005 the mechanism of the right of first refusal for the specific purpose of protecting the interests recognized as worthy of protection in the event of a forced transfer of property rights, without prejudice to the right of the third party provider and contractor for the proper conduct of the subprocedimento sales.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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