Embolics and Sclerosis in Pelvic Congestion Syndrome

Pelvic congestion syndrome is a female pathology characterized by chronic pelvic pain due to gonadal and parauterine vein dilatation. Transcatheter venography is considered the gold standard for diagnosis, but it is often performed after inconclusive noninvasive examinations such as Doppler Ultrasound, CT scan, and MRI. Treatment of PCS includes medical, surgical, and endovascular treatments. Transcatheter pelvic vein embolization has been proven to be a safe, effective, and durable therapy for the treatment of PCS. It consists of endovascular occlusion of uterine and pelvic refluxing veins with various embolizing materials and techniques. These latter show different clinical outcomes and complications.