La proporzionalità della sanzione nella prospettiva della Corte di Giustizia dell'Unione Europea: riflessioni a partire da un'importante sentenza della Grande Sezione

This contribution is inspired by an important ruling of the Court of Justice, concerning the direct effectiveness of the European principle of proportionality of punishment, to raise some reflections on the systemic repercussions that may derive from it. The European judge’s decision may in fact have repercussions on the principle of legality, as well as on the role of national judges between disapplication, compliant interpretation and constitutionality review.