According to the anthropology of things, gifts are special objects with their own history and memory. They are able to promote, create and maintain social ties between people because of their role of cultural and personal meaning bearers (Gregory 1982b; Kopytoff 1986; von Reden 1995: esp. 60 f.). To some extent, this was also true in ancient Rome, where gift-giving was a widespread practice of reciprocity that allowed to weave a complex net of relationships. Such complexity is reflected in the most representative poem of Roman culture: Virgil’s Aeneid. My paper aims to investigate the representation of the gift-objects in the Aeneid, having regard to the narrative devices and the cultural and mythical categories involved. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to highlight the active role that gift objects play in the poem: what are their relational functions and what purpose do they serve? Do such objects show to have any sort of agency? Are they gendered connoted? To what extent may the identity and the intentions of the donor – or the identity and the needs of the receiver – influence their nature, outcomes, and representations? I intend to pay special attention to the relationships between hosts and guests in the epic context and to the depictions of the objects exchanged in the poem: the textile gifts (textilibus donis) that Andromache gives to Ascanius, a souvenir (monumentum) of her hands (Aen. 3.483-91), which Servius considers adequate to a female donor; the golden crater that Cisseus gives to Anchises (Aen. 5.535-38) as a reminder (monumentum) and a pledge of their mutual affection (pignus amoris); and the “family objects” that Aeneas offers to his hosts, from Dido to King Latinus, from Helenus to Evander.

Secondo l’antropologia degli oggetti, i doni sono oggetti speciali con una propria storia e memoria. Essi sono in grado di promuovere, creare e mantenere legami sociali tra le persone proprio in ragione del loro ruolo di portatori culturali e personali di significato (Gregory 1982b; Kopytoff 1986; von Reden 1995: spec. 60 s.). In qualche misura, questo è anche vero nell’antica Roma, dove quella del dono era una pratica di reciprocità diffusa, che consentiva di tessere una complessa rete di relazioni. Tale complessità si riflette nel poema più rappresentativo della cultura romana: l’Eneide di Virgilio. Il mio contributo mira a indagare la rappresentazione degli oggetti del dono nell’Eneide, con particolare riguardo agli espedienti narrativi e alle categorie culturali e mitiche coinvolte. Pertanto, l’obiettivo principale di questo studio è di evidenziare il ruolo attivo che gli oggetti del dono giocano nel poema: quali sono le loro funzioni relazionali e a quale scopo servono? Tali oggetti mostrano di avere un qualche tipo di agency? Hanno una connotazione di genere? In che misura l’identità e le intenzioni del donatore – o l’identità e le esigenze del destinatario – possono influenzare natura, esiti e loro rappresentazioni? Intendo prestare particolare attenzione ai rapporti tra ospiti nel contesto epico e alle rappresentazioni degli oggetti scambiati nel poema: i doni tessili (textilibus donis) che Andromaca offre ad Ascanio, un ricordo (monumentum) delle sue mani (Aen. 3.483-91) e che Servio considera adeguati a una donatrice; il cratere d’oro che Cisseo donò ad Anchise (Aen. 5.535-38) come ricordo (monumentum) e pegno del reciproco affetto (pignus amoris); e gli “oggetti di famiglia” che Enea offre ai suoi ospiti, da Didone al re Latino, da Eleno a Evandro.

Lavinia Scolari (2023). Gift Objects in Virgil’s Aeneid. CLASSICO CONTEMPORANEO, 9, 36-54.

Gift Objects in Virgil’s Aeneid

Lavinia Scolari
2023-10-01

Abstract

According to the anthropology of things, gifts are special objects with their own history and memory. They are able to promote, create and maintain social ties between people because of their role of cultural and personal meaning bearers (Gregory 1982b; Kopytoff 1986; von Reden 1995: esp. 60 f.). To some extent, this was also true in ancient Rome, where gift-giving was a widespread practice of reciprocity that allowed to weave a complex net of relationships. Such complexity is reflected in the most representative poem of Roman culture: Virgil’s Aeneid. My paper aims to investigate the representation of the gift-objects in the Aeneid, having regard to the narrative devices and the cultural and mythical categories involved. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to highlight the active role that gift objects play in the poem: what are their relational functions and what purpose do they serve? Do such objects show to have any sort of agency? Are they gendered connoted? To what extent may the identity and the intentions of the donor – or the identity and the needs of the receiver – influence their nature, outcomes, and representations? I intend to pay special attention to the relationships between hosts and guests in the epic context and to the depictions of the objects exchanged in the poem: the textile gifts (textilibus donis) that Andromache gives to Ascanius, a souvenir (monumentum) of her hands (Aen. 3.483-91), which Servius considers adequate to a female donor; the golden crater that Cisseus gives to Anchises (Aen. 5.535-38) as a reminder (monumentum) and a pledge of their mutual affection (pignus amoris); and the “family objects” that Aeneas offers to his hosts, from Dido to King Latinus, from Helenus to Evander.
ott-2023
Settore L-FIL-LET/04 - Lingua E Letteratura Latina
Settore L-FIL-LET/05 - Filologia Classica
Lavinia Scolari (2023). Gift Objects in Virgil’s Aeneid. CLASSICO CONTEMPORANEO, 9, 36-54.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10447/613242
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