A new meteorological pressure index to support a sustainable nuclear energy programme

Today, the evaluation of a site for innovative nuclear installations represents a fundamental step in supporting the implementation of a sustainable nuclear power program. One major concern is the potential for radioactive releases and their effects on the biosphere, particularly on human health. To address this issue, a new Meteorological Pressure Index (MPI) has been developed to identify sites with resilience capacity in terms of transport phenomena correlated to natural wind actions on a regional scale. The MPI utilizes a fuzzy approach that combines data on 3D wind speed, direction, and frequency, providing maps that are useful in the site selection process. The application of MPI in the Sicily region of Italy has allowed to identify bordering areas that that are more affected by efficient air mass transport mechanisms. Consistency analyses have been conducted among MPI maps, observed wind distributions using wind rose charts, and stagnation S and recirculation R factors. The results confirm the MPI's ability to aggregate meteorological data on a regional level, making it a suitable tool when compared to disaggregated data that may not always provide a comprehensive viewpoint.