According to Galenic theory, old age is not regarded as an unavoidable degenerative process, but as a stage of life in which it is possible to maintain health and prolong life. The aspiration to delay the ailments of old age inspired the thought and work of the philosophers and doctors who became figures of reference for the Sicilian kings, by recalling and re-proposing the myth of the prolongatio vitae. This contribution aims to focus on the strategies followed by the kings of Sicily who lived comparatively long, from Roger II (1095–1154), the founder of the Sicilian monarchy, to Martin II called “the Elder” (1356–1410), king of Aragon and Sicily, by analysing the cultural context of the various royal dynasties that ruled the island (Normans, Swabians, Angevins and Aragonese). The concept of old age is relative and must be seen in its historical development. The cases analysed here concern kings who were about sixty years old which is an age that today is not considered to be advanced. In the 14th century, general health manuals, the regimina sanitatis, were written for rulers to preserve youth and delay the onset of old age through the use of specific dietetic rules and therapeutic means, starting from the studies on the influence of the environment on man. Special attention will be paid to the reflections of the Catalan physician and philosopher Arnau de Vilanova, who was active at the court of Frederick III of Aragon in Sicily.

Nella concezione galenica, la vecchiaia perde la sua connotazione di ineluttabile processo degenerativo per soggiacere alle stesse regole terapeutiche messe in atto per mantenere la salute e prolungare la vita. L'aspirazione a ritardare i malanni della vecchiaia, richiamando e riproponendo il mito della prolongatio vite, anima il pensiero e l'operato di quanti (filosofi, medici) diventarono figure di riferimento per i sovrani siciliani. Analizzando i contesti culturali che videro l'isola attraversare varie dominazioni (normanna, sveva, angioina, aragonese), il contributo si propone di mettere a fuoco le strategie seguite dai re di Sicilia vissuti più a lungo - in tal senso il concetto di vecchiaia va relativizzato e si attesta per i casi analizzati intorno ai sessanta anni -, da Ruggero II (1095-1154) a Martino II (1356-1410). In particolare nel Trecento aragonese, i regimina sanitatis scritti per conservare la giovinezza e ritardare la vecchiaia dei re, furono finalizzati - a partire dalla riflessione dell’azione esercitata sull’uomo da tutto quello che lo circonda - a tutelare la salute dei sovrani attraverso l'utilizzo di specifici mezzi igienici, dietetici, terapeutici. Specifica attenzione verrà prestata alle riflessioni del medico e filosofo Arnau de Vilanova, che troviamo alla corte dei re aragonesi Pietro III e Giacomo II, poi in Sicilia alla corte di Federico III di Aragona, e infine alla corte pontificia, medico dei papi Clemente V e Benedetto XI.

Santoro Daniela (2023). The Treatment of Old Age at Court. The Kings of Sicily from Roger II to Martin II (11th–15th Century). In C.A. Neumann (a cura di), Old Age before Modernity. Case Studies and Methodological Perspectives, 500 BC–1700 AD (pp. 311-331). Heidelberg : Heidelberg University Publishing (heiUP) [10.17885/heiup.1086.c14948].

The Treatment of Old Age at Court. The Kings of Sicily from Roger II to Martin II (11th–15th Century)

Santoro Daniela
2023-01-01

Abstract

According to Galenic theory, old age is not regarded as an unavoidable degenerative process, but as a stage of life in which it is possible to maintain health and prolong life. The aspiration to delay the ailments of old age inspired the thought and work of the philosophers and doctors who became figures of reference for the Sicilian kings, by recalling and re-proposing the myth of the prolongatio vitae. This contribution aims to focus on the strategies followed by the kings of Sicily who lived comparatively long, from Roger II (1095–1154), the founder of the Sicilian monarchy, to Martin II called “the Elder” (1356–1410), king of Aragon and Sicily, by analysing the cultural context of the various royal dynasties that ruled the island (Normans, Swabians, Angevins and Aragonese). The concept of old age is relative and must be seen in its historical development. The cases analysed here concern kings who were about sixty years old which is an age that today is not considered to be advanced. In the 14th century, general health manuals, the regimina sanitatis, were written for rulers to preserve youth and delay the onset of old age through the use of specific dietetic rules and therapeutic means, starting from the studies on the influence of the environment on man. Special attention will be paid to the reflections of the Catalan physician and philosopher Arnau de Vilanova, who was active at the court of Frederick III of Aragon in Sicily.
Il trattamento della vecchiaia a corte. I re di Sicilia da Ruggero II a Martino II (XI-XV secolo)
2023
Settore M-STO/01 - Storia Medievale
Santoro Daniela (2023). The Treatment of Old Age at Court. The Kings of Sicily from Roger II to Martin II (11th–15th Century). In C.A. Neumann (a cura di), Old Age before Modernity. Case Studies and Methodological Perspectives, 500 BC–1700 AD (pp. 311-331). Heidelberg : Heidelberg University Publishing (heiUP) [10.17885/heiup.1086.c14948].
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10447/582225
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