The Plaster Cast Gallery of the Department of Cultures and Societies at the University of Palermo, renovated recently, includes two very interesting casts. They are two plaster replicas of the miniaturized reproductions of the Parthenon and Bassae friezes, made in London by the Scottish sculptor John Henning in the first decades of the 19th century. The reproductions were initially carved into small slate slabs, from which plaster casts could be obtained and sold. A lucrative trade of bootlegged copies arose, but Henning gained nothing by that business. These artefacts, which have seldom captured the attention of the archaeologists, performed a twofold function: on one hand they were useful for study (in academic plaster cast galleries), on the other hand they were used as furnishing elements (in private houses). This latter aim takes on a special historical and cultural meaning. The replicas by Henning, who reproduced the Athenian relief also in stone on two London buildings, testified the fast spread of the knowledge of the two classical friezes, newly known by Europe. The small casts, furthermore, were suitable for the contemporary taste, because, despite their astonishing fidelity to the originals, their sharp figures seem to emanate a more neoclassical than classical aura. They, therefore, appear two typical “industrial” products of the 19th century at the same time.

La Gipsoteca del Dipartimento Culture e Società dell’Università di Palermo, di recente riallestita, possiede tra i suoi calchi due gessi di grande interesse. Si tratta delle repliche delle versioni miniaturizzate dei fregi del Partenone e del Tempio di Bassae che lo scultore scozzese John Henning realizzò a Londra, nei primi decenni dell’Ottocento. Le riproduzioni furono inizialmente incise su piccole tavole di ardesia, dalle quali potevano essere ricavati calchi in gesso, destinati alla vendita. Ne nacque presto un lucroso commercio di copie non autorizzate, dal quale purtroppo Henning non guadagnò nulla. Tali manufatti, che poche volte hanno attirato l’attenzione degli archeologi, assolvevano una duplice funzione: da un lato servivano allo studio (nelle gipsoteche universitarie), dall’altro erano utilizzati come elementi d’arredo (nelle case private). Questo secondo scopo assume uno speciale significato storico-culturale. Le repliche di Henning, il quale riprodusse il rilievo ateniese anche in pietra su due edifici londinesi, testimoniavano la rapida diffusione della conoscenza dei due fregi di età classica, solo da poco tempo noti all’Europa. I piccoli calchi, inoltre, si adattavano bene al gusto dell’epoca, perché, nonostante la sorprendente fedeltà agli originali, le loro nitide figure sembrano emanare un’aura più neoclassica che classica. Essi, perciò, appaiono allo stesso tempo due tipici prodotti “industriali” del XIX secolo.

Rambaldi S (2021). Fregi classici in miniatura: il Partenone e il tempio di Bassae di John Henning. CLASSICO CONTEMPORANEO, 7, 72-98.

Fregi classici in miniatura: il Partenone e il tempio di Bassae di John Henning

Rambaldi S
2021-01-01

Abstract

The Plaster Cast Gallery of the Department of Cultures and Societies at the University of Palermo, renovated recently, includes two very interesting casts. They are two plaster replicas of the miniaturized reproductions of the Parthenon and Bassae friezes, made in London by the Scottish sculptor John Henning in the first decades of the 19th century. The reproductions were initially carved into small slate slabs, from which plaster casts could be obtained and sold. A lucrative trade of bootlegged copies arose, but Henning gained nothing by that business. These artefacts, which have seldom captured the attention of the archaeologists, performed a twofold function: on one hand they were useful for study (in academic plaster cast galleries), on the other hand they were used as furnishing elements (in private houses). This latter aim takes on a special historical and cultural meaning. The replicas by Henning, who reproduced the Athenian relief also in stone on two London buildings, testified the fast spread of the knowledge of the two classical friezes, newly known by Europe. The small casts, furthermore, were suitable for the contemporary taste, because, despite their astonishing fidelity to the originals, their sharp figures seem to emanate a more neoclassical than classical aura. They, therefore, appear two typical “industrial” products of the 19th century at the same time.
2021
Settore L-ANT/07 - Archeologia Classica
Rambaldi S (2021). Fregi classici in miniatura: il Partenone e il tempio di Bassae di John Henning. CLASSICO CONTEMPORANEO, 7, 72-98.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10447/516169
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