National Trends in Total Cholesterol Obscure Heterogeneous Changes in HDL and non-HDL Cholesterol and total-to-HDL Cholesterol Ratio: A Pooled Analysis of 458 Population-Based Studies in Asian and Western Countries

Taddei, C, Zhou, B,; H, Bixby,,; G, Danaei,,; M, Di Cesare,,; K, Kuulasmaa,,; K, Hajifathalian,,; J, Bentham,,; JE, Bennett,,; W, Aekplakorn,,; R, Cifkova,,; J, Dallongeville,,; D, DeBacquer,,; S, Giampaoli,,; V, Gudnason,,; Y-O, Khang,,; T, Laatikainen,,; JI, Mann,,; P, Marques-Vidal,,; GA, Mensah,,; M, Müller-Nurasyid,,; T, Ninomiya,,; J, Petkeviciene,,; F, Rodríguez-Artalejo,,; J, Servais,,; S, Söderberg,,; B, Stavreski,,; T, Wilsgaard,,; T, Zdrojewski,,; D, Zhao,,; GA, Stevens,,; S, Savin,,; LM, Cowan, Mj, Riley,,; M, Ezzati,,; R, Adams,,; W, Aekplakorn,,; W, Ahrens,,; P, Amouyel,,; A, Amuzu,,; SA, Anderssen,,; I, Ariansen,,; D, Arveiler,,; T, Aspelund,,; A, Auvinen,,; M, Avdicová,,; M, Banach,,; P, Bandosz,,; Banegas., J; Barbagallo, CM; I, Bata,,; LA, Baur,,; R, Beaglehole,,; JE, Bennet,,; G, Bernotiene,,; Y, Bi,,; Bienek,; A,; C, Björkelund,,; S, Bo,,; BO, Boehm,,; M, Bonaccio,,; V, Bongard,,; R, Borchini,,; H, Borghs,,; J, Breckenkamp,,; H, Brenner,,; G, Bruno,,; MA, Busch,,; A, CabreradeLeón,,; V, Capuano,,; FF, Casanueva,,; J-P, Casas,,; CA, Caserta,,; L, Censi,,; F, Chen,,; S, Chen,,; M-D, Chirlaque,,; B, Cho,,; Y, Cho,,; J, Chudek,,; R, Cifkova,,; F, Claessens,,; J, Clarke,,; E, Clays,,; C, Cooper,,; S, Costanzo,,; D, Cottel,,; Cowell, C; AB, Crujeiras,,; L, Cui,,; G, D'Arrigo,,; J, Dallongeville,,; L, Dauchet,,; G, De Backer,,; D, De Bacquer,,; G, de Gaetano,,; S, De Henauw,,; D, De Smedt,,; E, Dennison,,; V, Desschamps,,; A, Di Castelnuovo,,; AJ, Dobson,,; C, Donfrancesco,,; A, Döring,,; K, Doua,,; W, Drygas,,; Y, Du,,; E, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk,,; R, Eggertsen,,; U, Ekelund,,; R, Elousa,,; JG, Eriksson,,; A, Evans,,; D, Faeh,,; FJ, Felix-Redondo,,; D, Fernández-Bergés,,; M, Ferrari,,; J, Ferrieres,,; JD, Finn,,; A-S, Forslund,,; M, Forsner,,; G, Frontera,,; Y, Fujita,,; Z, Gaciong,,; F, Galvano,,; J, Gao,,; M, Garcia-de-la-Hera,,; SP, Garnett,,; J-M, Gaspoz,,; L, Gasul,,; M,; L, Gates,,; S, Giampaoli,,; F, Gianfagna,,; TK, Gill,,; J, Giovannelli,,; D, Goltzman,,; M, GonzalezGross,,; F, Gottrand,,; S, Graff-Iversen,,; D, Grafnetter,,; RD, Gregor,,; T, Grodzicki,,; G, Grosso,,; G, Gruden,,; D, Gu,,; P, Guallar-Castillón,,; EF, Gudmundsson,,; V, Gudnason,,; I, Guessous,,; Gunnlaugsdottir, J; F, Gutzwiller,,; R, Hardy,,; J, Hata,,; T, Haugsgjerd,,; AJ, Hayes,,; H, He,,; Y, He,,; S, Herrala,,; IP, Hihtaniemi,,; M, Hobbs,,; WM, Hopman,,; JM, Huerta,,; I, Huybrechts,,; L, Iacoviello,,; AG, Iannone,,; N, Ikeda,,; M, Iwasaki,,; R, Jackson,,; K, Jamrozi,,; I, Janszky,,; M-R, Jarvelin,,; G, Jasienska,,; G, Jennings,,; S-L, Jeong,,; CQ, Jiang,,; M, Joffres,,; JJ, Jokelainen,,; JB, Jonas,,; J, Jóźwiak,,; EO, Kajantie,,; K, Kauhanen,,; U, Keil,,; S, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi,,; M, Kersting,,; Y-H, Khang,,; U, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer,,; S, Kiechl,,; J, Kim,,; Y-Y, Kim,,; J, Klumbiene,,; M, Knoflach,,; S, Ko,,; E, Kolle,,; R, Korpelainen,,; S, Koskinen,,; K, Kouda,,; W, Kratzer,,; S, Kriemler,,; S, Krokstad,,; Kujala, U; P, Kurjata,,; K, Kuulasmaa,,; T, Laatikainen,,; TH, Lam,,; V, Lanska,,; G, Lappas ,,; LE, Laugsand,,; J, Lee,,; T, Lehtimäki,,; Y, Li,,; C, Lilly,,; X, Lin,,; L, Lind,,; L, Lissner,,; J, Liu,,; E, Lopez-Garcia,,; R, Lorbeer,,; JE, Lozano,,; D, Luksiene,,; A, Lundqvist,,; R, Lundqvist,,; P, Lytsy,,; G, Ma,,; S, Machi,,; S, Maggi,,; DJ, Magliano,,; JI, Mann,,; E, Manzato,,; P, Marques-Vidal,,; EB, Mathiesen,,; S, McLachlan,,; RM, McLean,,; A, Meirhaeghe,,; P, Metcalf,,; JM, Mi,,; JC, Miller,,; LA, Moreno,,; S, Morin,,; M, Mossakowska,,; ML, Muiesan,,; M, Müller-Nurasyid,,; J, Mursu,,; H, Nakamura,,; J, Námešná,,; EM, Navarrete-Muñoz,,; WA, Neal,,; I, Nenko,,; T, Niiranen,,; G, Ning,,; T, Ninomiya,,; M, Noale,,; S, Norie,,; D, Noto,,; T, O’Neill,,; D, O'Reilly,,; K, Oh,,; O, Olafsson,,; F, Paccaud,,; A, Pajak,,; L, Palmieri,,; F, Panza,,; WR, Parnell,,; M, Peltonen,,; A, Peters,,; A, Petersmann,,; J, Petkeviciene,,; I, P Pigeot,,; L, Pilotto,,; A, Piwonska,,; P, Pedro Plans-Rubió,,; M, Porta,,; JF, Price,,; JJ, Puder,,; SE, Puhakka,,; R, Radisauskas,,; O, Raitakari,,; R, Ramos,,; J, Redon,,; F, Rigo,,; F, Rodríguez-Artalejo,,; MdC, Rodriguez-Perez,,; D, Romaguera,,; K, Ronkainen,,; A, Rosengren,,; JGR, Roy,,; JB, Ruidavets,,; M, Rutkowski,,; B, Salanave,,; D, Salmeron,,; V, Salomaa,,; JT, Salonen,,; M, Salvetti,,; S, Sans,,; JL, Saramies,,; K-U, Saum,,; C, Scheidt-Nave,,; A, Schienkiewitz,,; S, Schipf,,; CO, Schmidt,,; B, Schottker,,; Sebert, S; A, Sen,,; J, Servais,,; JE, Shaw,,; K, Shibuya,,; DO, Shin,,; R, Shiri,,; J, Simons,,; LA, Simons,,; M, Sjostrom,,; J, Slowikowska-Hilczer,,; P, Slusarczyk,,; S, Söderberg,,; V, Solfrizzi,,; E, Sonestedt,,; A, Soumare,,; JA, Staessen,,; MG, Stathopoulou,,; B, Stavreski,,; J, Steene-Johannessen,,; P, Stehle,,; J, Stieber,,; D, Stöckl,,; J, Stokwiszewski,,; J, Sundström,,; P, Suriyawongpaisal,,; A, Tamosiunas,,; E, Tan,,; A, Taylor,,; G, Tell,,; L, Thijs,,; HK, Tolonen,,; R, Topór-Madry,,; MJ, Tormo,,; M, Torrent,,; S, Tsugane,,; T-P, Tuomainen,,; J, Tuomilehto,,; C, Tzourio,,; HMT, Uusitalo,,; K, Van Herck,,; D, Vanderschueren,,; D, Vanuzzo,,; L, Vatten,,; T, Vega,,; G, Veronesi,,; P, Vioque,,; JK, Virtanen,,; S, Visvikis-Siest,,; P, Vollenweider,,; S, Voutilainen,,; M, Vrijheid,,; A, Wagner,,; A, Wagner,,; M-D, Wang,,; Q, Wang,,; Wang, Y; SG, Wannamethee,,; W, Wei,,; PH, Whincup,,; A, Wiecek,,; J, Willeit,,; P, Willeit,,; T, Wilsgaard,,; B, Wojtyniak,,; A, Wong,,; M, Woodward,,; FC, Wu,,; JF, JianFeng Wu,,; SL, Wu,,; H, Xu,,; L, Xu,,; W, Yan,,; X, Yang,,; X, Ye,,; A, Yoshihara,,; S, Zambon,,; T, Zdrojewski,,; D, Zhao,,; W, Zhao,,

doi:10.1093/ije/dyz099

Background: Although high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and non-HDL cholesterol have opposite associations with coronary heart disease, multi-country reports of lipid trends only use total cholesterol (TC). Our aim was to compare trends in total, HDL and non- HDL cholesterol and the total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio in Asian and Western countries. Methods: We pooled 458 population-based studies with 82.1 million participants in 23 Asian and Western countries. We estimated changes in mean total, HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and mean total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio by country, sex and age group. Results: Since 1980, mean TC increased in Asian countries. In Japan and South Korea, the TC rise was due to rising HDL cholesterol, which increased by up to 0.17 mmol/L per decade in Japanese women; in China, it was due to rising non-HDL cholesterol. TC declined in Western countries, except in Polish men. The decline was largest in Finland and Norway, at 0.4 mmol/L per decade. The decline in TC in most Western countries was the net effect of an increase in HDL cholesterol and a decline in non-HDL cholesterol, with the HDL cholesterol increase largest in New Zealand and Switzerland. Mean total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio declined in Japan, South Korea and most Western countries, by as much as 0.7 per decade in Swiss men (equivalent to 26% decline in coronary heart disease risk per decade). The ratio increased in China. Conclusions: HDL cholesterol has risen and the total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio has declined in many Western countries, Japan and South Korea, with only a weak correlation with changes in TC or non-HDL cholesterol.

Taddei, C., Zhou, B., Bixby, H., Danaei, G., Di Cesare, M., Kuulasmaa, K., et al. (2020). National Trends in Total Cholesterol Obscure Heterogeneous Changes in HDL and non-HDL Cholesterol and total-to-HDL Cholesterol Ratio: A Pooled Analysis of 458 Population-Based Studies in Asian and Western Countries. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 173-192 [10.1093/ije/dyz099].

Data di pubblicazione:	2020
Titolo:	National Trends in Total Cholesterol Obscure Heterogeneous Changes in HDL and non-HDL Cholesterol and total-to-HDL Cholesterol Ratio: A Pooled Analysis of 458 Population-Based Studies in Asian and Western Countries
Autori:	Taddei, C, Zhou, B H, Bixby, G, Danaei, M, Di Cesare, K, Kuulasmaa, K, Hajifathalian, J, Bentham, JE, Bennett, W, Aekplakorn, R, Cifkova, J, Dallongeville, D, DeBacquer, S, Giampaoli, V, Gudnason, Y-O, Khang, T, Laatikainen, JI, Mann, P, Marques-Vidal, GA, Mensah, M, Müller-Nurasyid, T, Ninomiya, J, Petkeviciene, F, Rodríguez-Artalejo, J, Servais, S, Söderberg, B, Stavreski, T, Wilsgaard, T, Zdrojewski, D, Zhao, GA, Stevens, S, Savin, LM, Cowan, Mj, Riley, M, Ezzati, R, Adams, W, Aekplakorn, W, Ahrens, P, Amouyel, A, Amuzu, SA, Anderssen, I, Ariansen, D, Arveiler, T, Aspelund, A, Auvinen, M, Avdicová, M, Banach, P, Bandosz, JR, Banegas. BARBAGALLO, Carlo Maria I, Bata, LA, Baur, R, Beaglehole, JE, Bennet, G, Bernotiene, Y, Bi, Bienek A C, Björkelund, S, Bo, BO, Boehm, M, Bonaccio, V, Bongard, R, Borchini, H, Borghs, J, Breckenkamp, H, Brenner, G, Bruno, MA, Busch, A, CabreradeLeón, V, Capuano, FF, Casanueva, J-P, Casas, CA, Caserta, L, Censi, F, Chen, S, Chen, M-D, Chirlaque, B, Cho, Y, Cho, J, Chudek, R, Cifkova, F, Claessens, J, Clarke, E, Clays, C, Cooper, S, Costanzo, D, Cottel, C, Cowell AB, Crujeiras, L, Cui, G, D'Arrigo, J, Dallongeville, L, Dauchet, G, De Backer, D, De Bacquer, G, de Gaetano, S, De Henauw, D, De Smedt, E, Dennison, V, Desschamps, A, Di Castelnuovo, AJ, Dobson, C, Donfrancesco, A, Döring, K, Doua, W, Drygas, Y, Du, E, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, R, Eggertsen, U, Ekelund, R, Elousa, JG, Eriksson, A, Evans, D, Faeh, FJ, Felix-Redondo, D, Fernández-Bergés, M, Ferrari, J, Ferrieres, JD, Finn, A-S, Forslund, M, Forsner, G, Frontera, Y, Fujita, Z, Gaciong, F, Galvano, J, Gao, M, Garcia-de-la-Hera, SP, Garnett, J-M, Gaspoz, L, Gasul, M L, Gates, S, Giampaoli, F, Gianfagna, TK, Gill, J, Giovannelli, D, Goltzman, M, GonzalezGross, F, Gottrand, S, Graff-Iversen, D, Grafnetter, RD, Gregor, T, Grodzicki, G, Grosso, G, Gruden, D, Gu, P, Guallar-Castillón, EF, Gudmundsson, V, Gudnason, I, Guessous, J, Gunnlaugsdottir F, Gutzwiller, R, Hardy, J, Hata, T, Haugsgjerd, AJ, Hayes, H, He, Y, He, S, Herrala, IP, Hihtaniemi, M, Hobbs, WM, Hopman, JM, Huerta, I, Huybrechts, L, Iacoviello, AG, Iannone, N, Ikeda, M, Iwasaki, R, Jackson, K, Jamrozi, I, Janszky, M-R, Jarvelin, G, Jasienska, G, Jennings, S-L, Jeong, CQ, Jiang, M, Joffres, JJ, Jokelainen, JB, Jonas, J, Jóźwiak, EO, Kajantie, K, Kauhanen, U, Keil, S, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, M, Kersting, Y-H, Khang, U, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, S, Kiechl, J, Kim, Y-Y, Kim, J, Klumbiene, M, Knoflach, S, Ko, E, Kolle, R, Korpelainen, S, Koskinen, K, Kouda, W, Kratzer, S, Kriemler, S, Krokstad, Kujala,UM P, Kurjata, K, Kuulasmaa, T, Laatikainen, TH, Lam, V, Lanska, G, Lappas , LE, Laugsand, J, Lee, T, Lehtimäki, Y, Li, C, Lilly, X, Lin, L, Lind, L, Lissner, J, Liu, E, Lopez-Garcia, R, Lorbeer, JE, Lozano, D, Luksiene, A, Lundqvist, R, Lundqvist, P, Lytsy, G, Ma, S, Machi, S, Maggi, DJ, Magliano, JI, Mann, E, Manzato, P, Marques-Vidal, EB, Mathiesen, S, McLachlan, RM, McLean, A, Meirhaeghe, P, Metcalf, JM, Mi, JC, Miller, LA, Moreno, S, Morin, M, Mossakowska, ML, Muiesan, M, Müller-Nurasyid, J, Mursu, H, Nakamura, J, Námešná, EM, Navarrete-Muñoz, WA, Neal, I, Nenko, T, Niiranen, G, Ning, T, Ninomiya, M, Noale, S, Norie, D, Noto, T, O’Neill, D, O'Reilly, K, Oh, O, Olafsson, F, Paccaud, A, Pajak, L, Palmieri, F, Panza, WR, Parnell, M, Peltonen, A, Peters, A, Petersmann, J, Petkeviciene, I, P Pigeot, L, Pilotto, A, Piwonska, P, Pedro Plans-Rubió, M, Porta, JF, Price, JJ, Puder, SE, Puhakka, R, Radisauskas, O, Raitakari, R, Ramos, J, Redon, F, Rigo, F, Rodríguez-Artalejo, MdC, Rodriguez-Perez, D, Romaguera, K, Ronkainen, A, Rosengren, JGR, Roy, JB, Ruidavets, M, Rutkowski, B, Salanave, D, Salmeron, V, Salomaa, JT, Salonen, M, Salvetti, S, Sans, JL, Saramies, K-U, Saum, C, Scheidt-Nave, A, Schienkiewitz, S, Schipf, CO, Schmidt, B, Schottker, S, Sebert A, Sen, J, Servais, JE, Shaw, K, Shibuya, DO, Shin, R, Shiri, J, Simons, LA, Simons, M, Sjostrom, J, Slowikowska-Hilczer, P, Slusarczyk, S, Söderberg, V, Solfrizzi, E, Sonestedt, A, Soumare, JA, Staessen, MG, Stathopoulou, B, Stavreski, J, Steene-Johannessen, P, Stehle, J, Stieber, D, Stöckl, J, Stokwiszewski, J, Sundström, P, Suriyawongpaisal, A, Tamosiunas, E, Tan, A, Taylor, G, Tell, L, Thijs, HK, Tolonen, R, Topór-Madry, MJ, Tormo, M, Torrent, S, Tsugane, T-P, Tuomainen, J, Tuomilehto, C, Tzourio, HMT, Uusitalo, K, Van Herck, D, Vanderschueren, D, Vanuzzo, L, Vatten, T, Vega, G, Veronesi, P, Vioque, JK, Virtanen, S, Visvikis-Siest, P, Vollenweider, S, Voutilainen, M, Vrijheid, A, Wagner, A, Wagner, M-D, Wang, Q, Wang, YX, Wang SG, Wannamethee, W, Wei, PH, Whincup, A, Wiecek, J, Willeit, P, Willeit, T, Wilsgaard, B, Wojtyniak, A, Wong, M, Woodward, FC, Wu, JF, JianFeng Wu, SL, Wu, H, Xu, L, Xu, W, Yan, X, Yang, X, Ye, A, Yoshihara, S, Zambon, T, Zdrojewski, D, Zhao, W, Zhao, mostra contributor esterni nascondi contributor esterni
Citazione:	Taddei, C., Zhou, B., Bixby, H., Danaei, G., Di Cesare, M., Kuulasmaa, K., et al. (2020). National Trends in Total Cholesterol Obscure Heterogeneous Changes in HDL and non-HDL Cholesterol and total-to-HDL Cholesterol Ratio: A Pooled Analysis of 458 Population-Based Studies in Asian and Western Countries. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 173-192 [10.1093/ije/dyz099].
Rivista:	INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyz099
Abstract:	Background: Although high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and non-HDL cholesterol have opposite associations with coronary heart disease, multi-country reports of lipid trends only use total cholesterol (TC). Our aim was to compare trends in total, HDL and non- HDL cholesterol and the total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio in Asian and Western countries. Methods: We pooled 458 population-based studies with 82.1 million participants in 23 Asian and Western countries. We estimated changes in mean total, HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and mean total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio by country, sex and age group. Results: Since 1980, mean TC increased in Asian countries. In Japan and South Korea, the TC rise was due to rising HDL cholesterol, which increased by up to 0.17 mmol/L per decade in Japanese women; in China, it was due to rising non-HDL cholesterol. TC declined in Western countries, except in Polish men. The decline was largest in Finland and Norway, at 0.4 mmol/L per decade. The decline in TC in most Western countries was the net effect of an increase in HDL cholesterol and a decline in non-HDL cholesterol, with the HDL cholesterol increase largest in New Zealand and Switzerland. Mean total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio declined in Japan, South Korea and most Western countries, by as much as 0.7 per decade in Swiss men (equivalent to 26% decline in coronary heart disease risk per decade). The ratio increased in China. Conclusions: HDL cholesterol has risen and the total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio has declined in many Western countries, Japan and South Korea, with only a weak correlation with changes in TC or non-HDL cholesterol.
Settore Scientifico Disciplinare:	Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna
Appare nelle tipologie:	1.01 Articolo in rivista

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