Hypoadiponectinemia, cardiometabolic comorbidities and left ventricular hypertrophy

This study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of cardiometabolic comorbidities and the changes in left ventricular geometry and function in 135 subjects subgrouped according to low or normal total adiponectin plasma (ADPN ) levels. Left ventricular (LV) internal diameter index (LVID/h), total LV mass (LVM) and LVM index (LVMI), relative wall thickness (RWT), LV ejection fraction (EF) by echocardiography and diastolic parameters by pulsed-wave Doppler were calculated. BMI (p<0.0001), WHR (p<0.03) , triglycerides (p<0,001), prevalence of obesity (p<0.005), visceral obesity (p<0.003), left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (p<0.001), metabolic syndrome (p<0.0003) and coronary artery disease (CAD) (p<0.003) were significantly increased and HDL-C (p<0.001) was significantly reduced in hypo-ADPN than normal-ADPN subjects. LVM, LVMI, IVST and RWT were significantly (p < 0.0001) higher and LVEF was significantly (p<0.0002) lower in hypo-ADPN than normal-ADPN patients. LVMI correlated directly with BMI (p<0.001), MBP (p<0.001), MetS (p<0.001) and inversely with ADPN (p<0.0001). The prevalence of LVH (p<0.001) and CAD (p<0.01) was higher in subjects with normal-ADPN and MetS, while the presence of MetS did not change this finding in hypoADPN group. Both models of regression analysis indicated that ADPN and BMI resulted independently associated with LVMI. In conclusion, our data seem to indicate that hypoadiponectinemia might be associated to increased prevalence both of clinical comorbidites and increased LVMI. In this subset of subjects, ADPN and BMI, more than MetS, are able to explain cardiac damage. Accordingly, ADPN might become a new target in the management of cardiometabolic risk.