Biotechnology of the Recultivation of Technogenically Disturbed Landscapes in the South and East of Kazakhstan (биотехнология рекультивации техногенно – нарушенных ландшафтов наюге и востоке казахстана)

Reclamation of technogenically disturbed lands requires several procedures and assignments. In the South of Kazakhstan during the field development of phosphate deposits, pastoral type lands were disturbed. Reclamation works were done in two stages - technical and biological. The technical stage included the dump planning, loamy ground delivery for bottom lining, layer-bylayer covering and stabilisation. The biological stage included planting of phyto-meliorants, biochar and carbamide insertion under crops. In the city of Ridder, around the mining processing industry, the black humus soil was exposed to aggressive emission of zinc plant. The soil is currently degraded and devoid of vegetation cover, and undergoing deep erosion processes. Biological reclamation was carried out on this site utilizing biochar and phyto-meliorants