Measurement Invariance of the Nine-Item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale (IGDS9-SF) Across Albania,USA, UK, and Italy

The IGDS9-SF, which assesses Internet Gaming Disorder behaviors, has beenvalidated in a number of countries (Portugal, Italy, Iran, Slovenia), although the psychometricequivalence of the instrument has been assessed only across Australia, the USA, the UK, andIndia. This research aimed at providing further cross-cultural insights into IGD by assessingthe factorial structure of the IGDS9-SF in Albania and investigating its measurement invari-ance across Albanian, Italian, American, and British gamers. Multi-Group ConfirmatoryFactor Analyses were performed on a sample of 1411 participants from Albania (n=228),USA (n=237),theUK(n= 275), and Italy (n= 671). The CFAs confirmed the single-factorstructure in the four countries. Measurement invariance supported the configural invarianceand partially supported the metric and scalar invariance. Overall, the findings providedevidence for the underlying factor assessing IGD across the countries, although the specificmeaning of the construct was non-identical