There are some buildings whose troubled vicissitudes, if related to the history of their city, give them an emblematic and symbolic role. Palermo, like and more than any other cities, has been fed for millennia of antithetical symbols. Its main aptitude, during a long constructive history, seemed a dissemination of architectures or urban events, in which the same city could reflect, as real synecdoche and representative parts of the whole. Palermo, with its many contradictions, seems to portray itself in many architectures that mostly represent its image and reproduce its "form", perceived as éidos, in the conceptual sphere of the lógos and in its relations with the mýthos. Paraphrasing the famous aphorism of Karl Kraus, "in a real portrait it’s possible to recognize the painter", and transliterating this concept from the pictorial to the architectural art, we could affirm that in every "true architecture", if deeply settled in the culture and history of a place, it is possible to identify the city, or the idea of the city, that it describes. The royal Arsenal of Palermo is, without any doubt, one of these urban effigies. A ship-building yard built as a palace, rare and singular fact, although it has never been so. It is closely associated to the process of development of the extra-urban port area, created after the construction of the sixteenth-century New Dock. Thus, the Arsenal is not only a workshop for military ship building and repairing but also an architecture whose facies, from an iconological point of view, had to be in line with the royal image of the quadripartite city, generated by the renovatio urbis of the late sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The Colonna street, along with the powerful and massive Tuono and Vega ramparts, the Felice civic gate, the Sea Castle, and the Arsenal become the new figurative cornerstones of the Palermo’s reconfigured sea frontline, largely attributable to the ars architectonica (architectural art) of a single important architect: Mariano Smiriglio. In his dual role of architect of the Palermo’s Senate (1602) and royal engineer (1610), he was the undisputed protagonist of a feverish activity of construction that invested the city in the first decades of the seventeenth century. This volume collects a system of knowledge and data, based on manuscript sources dated from the beginning of the seventeenth century to the nineteenth century. In particular, the study is aimed to outline in a systematic way the constructive events of the Palermitan Arsenal, in relation to the suburban settling dynamics of the city, that are linked to the construction of the new urban port. Furthermore, the Arsenal is compared to similar architectures realized in the geographical contexts of the Spanish political and military influence, with a particular attention to the Italian and the Mediterranean area.

Esistono architetture le cui travagliate vicissitudini, se comprese in rapporto con la storia della città cui appartengono, finiscono per far assumere, alle stesse architetture, un ruolo emblematico e simbolico. Palermo, come e più di ogni altra città, si è alimentata per millenni di simboli spesso antitetici. La sua principale attitudine sembra essere stata, nel corso di una lunga storia edificatrice, una disseminazione di architetture o di fatti urbani in cui rispecchiarsi, quali vere e proprie sineddoche, parti rappresentative del tutto. Sembrerebbe quasi che Palermo ritragga se stessa, con le sue molteplici contraddizioni, in molte delle architetture che più la rappresentano e ne riproducono la "forma" intesa come éidos, nella sfera concettuale del lógos e nelle relazioni di questo con il mýthos. Parafrasando il celebre aforisma di Karl Kraus, «in un vero ritratto si deve riconoscere quale pittore esso rappresenta» e traslitterandolo dall’arte pittorica a quella architettonica, potremmo affermare che in ogni "vera architettura", se profondamente radicata nella cultura e nella storia di un luogo, si dovrebbe poter identificare la città o l’idea di città che raffigura. Il regio Arsenale di Palermo rappresenta una di queste effige urbane, una "fabbrica di navi" sorta - aspetto assai raro e singolare - in forma di palazzo ma che non fu mai tale, in stretta simbiosi con il processo di sviluppo del contesto dell’area portuale extraurbana nata in seguito alla creazione del cinquecentesco Molo Nuovo. Non soltanto, quindi, un’officina per la costruzione e la riparazione del naviglio militare, ma anche un’architettura la cui facies, sul piano iconologico, doveva allinearsi all’immagine regale della città quadripartita, generata dalla renovatio urbis di fine Cinquecento e inizi Seicento. La Strada Colonna, con la potente e massiccia mole dei bastioni del Tuono e di Vega, Porta Felice, il Castello a Mare e l’Arsenale divengono i nuovi capisaldi del riconfigurato fronte a mare, in buona parte (Porta Felice e Arsenale) ascrivibili all’ars architectonica di un unico grande artefice: Mariano Smiriglio. Quest’ultimo nel suo duplice ruolo di architetto del Senato palermitano (dal 1602) e Ingegnere Regio (dal 1610) appare l’indiscusso protagonista della febbrile attività edificatoria che investe la città nei primi decenni del XVII secolo. Il volume raccoglie conoscenze e dati fondati su fonti manoscritte che abbracciano un arco temporale che va dagli inizi del Seicento a tutto l’Ottocento, ricostruendo in maniera sistematica gli eventi costruttivi in rapporto alle dinamiche insediative extra-moenia legate alla costituzione del nuovo porto urbano, paragonando l’Arsenale palermitano ad analoghe architetture realizzate in contesti geografici di influenza politico-militare spagnola, in ambito italiano e del Mediterraneo in genere.

Campisi, T. (2017). Il cantiere dell'Arsenale. Materiali e tecniche. In G. Di Benedetto (a cura di), L'Arsenale di Palermo. Vicende costruttive e progetti di riforma (pp. 49-62). Palermo : 40due Edizioni.

Il cantiere dell'Arsenale. Materiali e tecniche

CAMPISI, Tiziana
2017-01-01

Abstract

There are some buildings whose troubled vicissitudes, if related to the history of their city, give them an emblematic and symbolic role. Palermo, like and more than any other cities, has been fed for millennia of antithetical symbols. Its main aptitude, during a long constructive history, seemed a dissemination of architectures or urban events, in which the same city could reflect, as real synecdoche and representative parts of the whole. Palermo, with its many contradictions, seems to portray itself in many architectures that mostly represent its image and reproduce its "form", perceived as éidos, in the conceptual sphere of the lógos and in its relations with the mýthos. Paraphrasing the famous aphorism of Karl Kraus, "in a real portrait it’s possible to recognize the painter", and transliterating this concept from the pictorial to the architectural art, we could affirm that in every "true architecture", if deeply settled in the culture and history of a place, it is possible to identify the city, or the idea of the city, that it describes. The royal Arsenal of Palermo is, without any doubt, one of these urban effigies. A ship-building yard built as a palace, rare and singular fact, although it has never been so. It is closely associated to the process of development of the extra-urban port area, created after the construction of the sixteenth-century New Dock. Thus, the Arsenal is not only a workshop for military ship building and repairing but also an architecture whose facies, from an iconological point of view, had to be in line with the royal image of the quadripartite city, generated by the renovatio urbis of the late sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The Colonna street, along with the powerful and massive Tuono and Vega ramparts, the Felice civic gate, the Sea Castle, and the Arsenal become the new figurative cornerstones of the Palermo’s reconfigured sea frontline, largely attributable to the ars architectonica (architectural art) of a single important architect: Mariano Smiriglio. In his dual role of architect of the Palermo’s Senate (1602) and royal engineer (1610), he was the undisputed protagonist of a feverish activity of construction that invested the city in the first decades of the seventeenth century. This volume collects a system of knowledge and data, based on manuscript sources dated from the beginning of the seventeenth century to the nineteenth century. In particular, the study is aimed to outline in a systematic way the constructive events of the Palermitan Arsenal, in relation to the suburban settling dynamics of the city, that are linked to the construction of the new urban port. Furthermore, the Arsenal is compared to similar architectures realized in the geographical contexts of the Spanish political and military influence, with a particular attention to the Italian and the Mediterranean area.
2017
Campisi, T. (2017). Il cantiere dell'Arsenale. Materiali e tecniche. In G. Di Benedetto (a cura di), L'Arsenale di Palermo. Vicende costruttive e progetti di riforma (pp. 49-62). Palermo : 40due Edizioni.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10447/244803
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