Urban aesthetics has been at the center of the international debate for several decades, yet in Italy, there is still a lack of study on this subject. The few essays on similar topics do not adopt a philosophical perspective. This volume aims to fill this gap by addressing urban aesthetics through two interpretive paradigms, which are sometimes intertwined in the book: the concepts of atmosphere and artification. The notion of "atmosphere" emerges within the new German phenomenology of Hermann Schmitz and is applied to aesthetics by the philosopher Gernot Böhme, who considers it a privileged paradigm for investigating emotional spaces, understood as the result of affective relationships between the perceiving subject and the perceived object. Therefore, the aesthetics of atmospheres proves to be a useful theoretical tool for architectural and urban design. The atmospheres of private and public environments will be analyzed through case studies focused on domestic space, spaces of books (libraries and bookstores), and sacred ambiance. These analyses often move between real and imaginary spaces because, according to Böhme, the aesthetics of atmospheres has a rhetorical matrix and finds an exemplary case in literary descriptions. In urban aesthetics, the concept of atmosphere is productively related to that of artification, which, in a broad sense, indicates "the transformation of something that is not art into art." By interweaving different concepts of artification (those of the French sociologists Natalie Heinich and Roberta Shapiro, those developed by the theorists of Everyday Aesthetics Thomas Leddy, Yuriko Saito, Ossi Naukkarinen, and that of the ethologist Ellen Dissanayke), artification is understood here as a collective process and "making art" in a collective sense. This "making art together" often results in not only modifying the environments that are "artified" but also the individuals involved in the transformative process. Therefore, artification takes on the value of a tool for social and urban transformation. This phenomenon will be analyzed through examples focusing on collective artistic processes carried out in private homes during the lockdown, in prisons, and in deteriorated urban peripheries that are increasingly decorated with murals. However, in the various examples considered, transformation does not translate into a process aimed at producing works of art or purely external embellishment but rather into a collective "making art" that determines social changes. While the volume collects some essays already published (mostly in English), it reworks them in light of the guiding thread aimed at bringing together two theoretical paradigms that had never been juxtaposed before and that can instead offer an unusual and original interpretation for urban aesthetics. While maintaining the scientific and argumentative rigor of the original texts, the volume aims to present the concepts of atmosphere and artification in a simple and clear form, also thanks to the use of case studies, in order to make the volume accessible not only to the scientific community but also to university students and non-specialist readers.

Ancora uno studio su questo argomento, infatti i pochi saggi su temi analoghi non adottano una prospettiva filosofica. Il volume mira a colmare questa lacuna affrontando l’estetica urbana attraverso due paradigmi interpretativi, che talvolta nel libro vengono intrecciati: i concetti di atmosfera e di artificazione. La nozione di “atmosfera” nasce in seno alla nuova fenomenologia tedesca di Hermann Schmitz ed è declinata verso l’estetica dal filosofo Gernot Böhme che la considera un paradigma privilegiato per indagare gli spazi emozionali, intesi come frutto di relazioni affettive tra il soggetto percipiente e l’oggetto percepito. Pertanto l’estetica delle atmosfere si rivela uno strumento teorico utile per la progettazione architettonica e urbana. Le atmosfere degli ambienti privati e pubblici saranno analizzate attraverso casi di studio focalizzati sullo spazio domestico, sui luoghi di cura, sullo spazio dei libri (biblioteche e librerie) e sugli ambienti sacri. Tali analisi spesso si muoveranno tra spazi reali e immaginari, poiché secondo Boehme l’estetica delle atmosfere ha una matrice retorica e trova un caso esemplare nelle descrizioni letterarie. Nell’estetica urbana il concetto di atmosfera si relaziona produttivamente con quello di artificazione che, in senso lato, indica “la trasformazione di qualcosa che non è arte in arte”. Intrecciando diversi concetti di artificazione (quello delle sociologhe francesi Natalie Heinich e Roberta Shapiro; quello elaborato dai teorici dell’Everyday Aesthetics Thomas Leddy, Yuriko Saito, Ossi Naukkarinen e quello dell’etologa Ellen Dissanayke), l’arificazione sarà qui intesa come un processo e un “fare arte” in senso collettivo. Questo “fare arte insieme” ha spesso come risultato quello di modificare non solo gli ambienti che vengono “artificati”, ma anche i soggetti coinvolti nel processo trasformativo, pertanto l’artificazione acquista il valore di strumento di trasformazione sociale e urbana. Tale fenomeno sarà analizzato attraverso alcuni esempi incentrati sui processi artistici collettivi messi in pratica nelle case private durante il lockdown, nelle carceri e nelle periferie urbane degradate che vengono sempre più spesso decorati con murales. Tuttavia, nei vari esempi considerati, la trasformazione non si traduce in un processo finalizzato alla produzione di opere d’arte o in un abbellimento puramente esteriore, ma in un “fare arte” collettivo che determina cambiamenti sociali. Il volume pur raccogliendo alcuni saggi già pubblicati (per lo più in inglese) in altre sedi editoriali, li rielabora alla luce del filo conduttore volto a tenere insieme due paradigmi teorici che non erano mai stati accostati e che invece possono offrire una chiave di lettura inusitata e originale per l’estetica urbana. Pur mantenendo il rigore scientifico e argomentativo dei testi originari, il volume mira a presentare i concetti di atmosfera e artificazione in forma semplice e chiara anche grazie al ricorso ai casi di studio, in modo da rendere il volume accessibile non solo alla comunità scientifica, ma anche agli studenti universitari e ai lettori non specialisti.

Elisabetta Di Stefano (2023). Estetica urbana. Atmosfere e artificazione degli spazi della città. Milano : Mimesis.

Estetica urbana. Atmosfere e artificazione degli spazi della città

Elisabetta Di Stefano
2023-05-01

Abstract

Urban aesthetics has been at the center of the international debate for several decades, yet in Italy, there is still a lack of study on this subject. The few essays on similar topics do not adopt a philosophical perspective. This volume aims to fill this gap by addressing urban aesthetics through two interpretive paradigms, which are sometimes intertwined in the book: the concepts of atmosphere and artification. The notion of "atmosphere" emerges within the new German phenomenology of Hermann Schmitz and is applied to aesthetics by the philosopher Gernot Böhme, who considers it a privileged paradigm for investigating emotional spaces, understood as the result of affective relationships between the perceiving subject and the perceived object. Therefore, the aesthetics of atmospheres proves to be a useful theoretical tool for architectural and urban design. The atmospheres of private and public environments will be analyzed through case studies focused on domestic space, spaces of books (libraries and bookstores), and sacred ambiance. These analyses often move between real and imaginary spaces because, according to Böhme, the aesthetics of atmospheres has a rhetorical matrix and finds an exemplary case in literary descriptions. In urban aesthetics, the concept of atmosphere is productively related to that of artification, which, in a broad sense, indicates "the transformation of something that is not art into art." By interweaving different concepts of artification (those of the French sociologists Natalie Heinich and Roberta Shapiro, those developed by the theorists of Everyday Aesthetics Thomas Leddy, Yuriko Saito, Ossi Naukkarinen, and that of the ethologist Ellen Dissanayke), artification is understood here as a collective process and "making art" in a collective sense. This "making art together" often results in not only modifying the environments that are "artified" but also the individuals involved in the transformative process. Therefore, artification takes on the value of a tool for social and urban transformation. This phenomenon will be analyzed through examples focusing on collective artistic processes carried out in private homes during the lockdown, in prisons, and in deteriorated urban peripheries that are increasingly decorated with murals. However, in the various examples considered, transformation does not translate into a process aimed at producing works of art or purely external embellishment but rather into a collective "making art" that determines social changes. While the volume collects some essays already published (mostly in English), it reworks them in light of the guiding thread aimed at bringing together two theoretical paradigms that had never been juxtaposed before and that can instead offer an unusual and original interpretation for urban aesthetics. While maintaining the scientific and argumentative rigor of the original texts, the volume aims to present the concepts of atmosphere and artification in a simple and clear form, also thanks to the use of case studies, in order to make the volume accessible not only to the scientific community but also to university students and non-specialist readers.
mag-2023
978-88-5759-873-4
Elisabetta Di Stefano (2023). Estetica urbana. Atmosfere e artificazione degli spazi della città. Milano : Mimesis.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10447/597833
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