The elements that outraged the members of the 15M movement were connected to the austerity policy, to the record of unemployment, to the increase of uncertainty among young people with temporary works, to the restructuring measures and reduction of the welfare state (implemented by the Government Zapatero on ECB and IMF pressure, and supported by the Popular Party). A strong indignation also invested a political class perceived as highly corrupt in a country in crisis (in 2009 - there were 730 pending trials against public officials, with the primacy of the PSOE with 264 corruption cases opened, followed by 200 cases of PP). Already in June 2011, there was the Europeanization of protest and a changing in the social and generational base of the movement. The reported problems are exacerbated by the Rajoy government. They blame the lack of credibility of the political class, subservient to the policies imposed by the decision-making centers of international capitalism that make similar the majority and the opposition choices. Claiming the right of operating different choices, Podemos propose new models aspiring to stop the degradation process of representative democracy through the introduction of forms of participatory and deliberative democracy, against the bipartisanship the major parties accused of having "kidnapped democracy". The route started from the demonstration in the Puerta del Sol on 15th May 2011, from the permanent protest (Acampada) to the Democracia Real Ya national network, they developed the idea of competing at European elections with their party, arriving to the first electoral successes of Podemos and to the consensus of the administrative (on 24th May). The paper will question the process of institutionalization of the Spanish movement, studying its organizational transformation path (with a particular focus on the adopted decision-making processes), its policy priorities, its communication, its distinctive characteristics that maintain the identity. The paper analyzes the problem of choosing alliances and the similarities and differences comparing to the traditional discourses of the left wing parties. Finally, we try to compare what is happening in Spain with a more general process of change that is affecting movements and parties in other European countries.

Gli elementi che indignarono gli aderenti al movimento del 15M erano connessi alla politica dettata dall’austerity, alla disoccupazione record, alla precarizzazione dei giovani con l’incremento dei contratti a termine, alle misure di ristrutturazione e riduzione dello Stato sociale, attuate allora dal Governo Zapatero su pressione di BCE e FMI, e appoggiate dal Partito Popolare. Un forte sdegno investiva inoltre una classe politica percepita come altamente corrotta in un Paese in crisi (nel 2009 – c’erano stati ben 730 processi pendenti a carico di amministratori pubblici, con il primato del PSOE con 264 casi di corruzione aperti, seguito dai 200 casi del PP). Già nel giugno 2011 si assiste ad una europeizzazione della protesta e ad una diversificazione della base sociale e generazionale del movimento. I problemi denunciati si acuiscono con il governo Rajoy. Sotto accusa è la scarsa credibilità della classe politica, asservita alle politiche imposte dai centri decisionali del capitalismo internazionale che di fatto rendono omogenee le scelte di maggioranza e opposizione. Proprio nel rivendicare la possibilità di operare scelte differenti, proponendo nuovi modelli, sta la ragion d’essere di Podemos che aspira a interrompere il processo di degrado che attraversa la democrazia rappresentativa attraverso l’introduzione di forme di democrazia partecipativa e deliberativa, contro il bipartitismo dei maggiori partiti accusati di avere “sequestrato la democrazia”. Il percorso partito dalla manifestazione a Puerta del Sol del 15 maggio 2011, dal presidio permanente (Acampada) alla rete nazionale di Democracia Real Ya, si sviluppa nella scelta di competere alle europee con un proprio partito, arrivando ai primi successi elettorali di Podemos, sino ai consensi alle amministrative del 24M. Il paper si interrogherà sulle modalità del processo di istituzionalizzazione del movimento spagnolo, sul suo percorso di trasformazione organizzativa (con un particolare focus sui processi decisionali adottati) e programmatica, sull’evoluzione delle priorità politiche, sulla formulazione dei discorsi rivolti all’elettorato e sul tipo di comunicazione adottata, sugli elementi distintivi che ne mantengono l’identità anche dopo la problematica scelta delle alleanze, sulle analogie e le differenze rispetto al tradizionale discorso culturale della sinistra. Si tenterà infine di comparare quanto sta accadendo in Spagna con un più generale processo di cambiamento che sta investendo movimenti e partiti negli altri Paesi europei.

Macaluso, M. (2015). Dal 15M al 24M: il maggio spagnolo da Democracia Real Ya (DRY) a Podemos. In XXIX Convegno Sisp 2015.

Dal 15M al 24M: il maggio spagnolo da Democracia Real Ya (DRY) a Podemos

MACALUSO, Marilena
2015-01-01

Abstract

The elements that outraged the members of the 15M movement were connected to the austerity policy, to the record of unemployment, to the increase of uncertainty among young people with temporary works, to the restructuring measures and reduction of the welfare state (implemented by the Government Zapatero on ECB and IMF pressure, and supported by the Popular Party). A strong indignation also invested a political class perceived as highly corrupt in a country in crisis (in 2009 - there were 730 pending trials against public officials, with the primacy of the PSOE with 264 corruption cases opened, followed by 200 cases of PP). Already in June 2011, there was the Europeanization of protest and a changing in the social and generational base of the movement. The reported problems are exacerbated by the Rajoy government. They blame the lack of credibility of the political class, subservient to the policies imposed by the decision-making centers of international capitalism that make similar the majority and the opposition choices. Claiming the right of operating different choices, Podemos propose new models aspiring to stop the degradation process of representative democracy through the introduction of forms of participatory and deliberative democracy, against the bipartisanship the major parties accused of having "kidnapped democracy". The route started from the demonstration in the Puerta del Sol on 15th May 2011, from the permanent protest (Acampada) to the Democracia Real Ya national network, they developed the idea of competing at European elections with their party, arriving to the first electoral successes of Podemos and to the consensus of the administrative (on 24th May). The paper will question the process of institutionalization of the Spanish movement, studying its organizational transformation path (with a particular focus on the adopted decision-making processes), its policy priorities, its communication, its distinctive characteristics that maintain the identity. The paper analyzes the problem of choosing alliances and the similarities and differences comparing to the traditional discourses of the left wing parties. Finally, we try to compare what is happening in Spain with a more general process of change that is affecting movements and parties in other European countries.
11-set-2015
XXIX Convegno Sisp 2015
Arcavacata di Rende (Cosenza)
10-12 settembre 2015
XXIX
27-mag-2015
2015
1
Online
http://www.sisp.it/convegno2015/?pagename=cms&name=paper-room&trackname=partecipazione-e-movimenti-sociali
Macaluso, M. (2015). Dal 15M al 24M: il maggio spagnolo da Democracia Real Ya (DRY) a Podemos. In XXIX Convegno Sisp 2015.
Proceedings (atti dei congressi)
Macaluso, M
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10447/200838
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