Modification of the lipidic and coagulative pattern in postmenopause women: effect of hormone replacement therapy.

AIM: We evaluated the changes of lipidic and coagulative pattern during menopause and the influence of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on these parameters. METHODS: We considered 158 patients divided into 2 groups: Group I consisted of 127 women in physiological/surgical menopause and Group II of 31 women with childbearing potential. Subsequently, we considered a group III formed of 34 patients from menopausal women (group I) who underwent three months of HRT. We evaluated total-cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), lipoprotein (a) (Lpa), fibrinogen, antithrombin III (ATIII), factor VII (FVII) and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI). RESULTS: We found a worse lipid profile in the post-menopausal group compared to controls (TC 243.8+/-29.7 vs 217.9+/-32.7 mg%, P=0.002; TG 121.5+/-68.4 vs 88.6+/-53.0 mg%, P=0.039; LDL-C 163.0+/-27.9 vs 136.2+/-29.6 mg%, P=0.004; HDL-C 60.9+/-14.9 vs 64.1+/-14.6 mg%, P=ns). With regard to the coagulative pattern, fibrinogen was significantly higher in the post-menopausal group (fibrinogen: 273.3+/-67.4 vs 243.8+/-39.5 mg%, P=0.013; ATIII 112.2+/-11.7 vs 117.5+/-12.7% %, P=0.059; FVII 121.6+/-11.3 vs 117.6+/-10.8 mg%, P=ns; TFPI activity 2.5+/-2.3 vs 2.1+/-1.1 U/mL, P=ns; TFPI antigen 120+/-38 vs 127+/-39 U/mL, P=ns). Comparing the same parameters, before and after three months of HRT, in patients of Group III we observed a significant improvement of TC and TG levels (TC from 232.3+/-42.7 to 215.2+/-37.6 mg%, P=0.0001; TG from 103.7+/-56.8 to 95.0+/-44.3 mg%, P=0.059; HDL-C from 62.3+/-12.9 to 63.6+/-12.6 mg%, P=ns; LDL-C from 149.3+/-38.7 to 132.6+/-34.5 mg%, P=0.0001). The following changes were observed with regard to coagulative parameters: fibrinogen from 270.9+/-69.4 to 253.2+/-56.2 mg%, P=0.07; ATIII from 113.5+/-11.4 to 110.8+/-13.2 mg%, P=0.198; FVII from 108.6+/-18.0 to 104.4+/-17.5 mg%, 0.014. TFPI activity from 2.6+/-2.3 to 2.3+/-1.4 U/ml, P=ns; TFPI antigen from 68+/-13 to 87+/-22 U/mL, P=0.001. CONCLUSION: Our data confirm the presence of an alteration in lipidic and coagulative pattern in post menopausal women and positive changes after HRT.