If we were to compare the poems that Ilya Ehrenburg and Evgenii Evtushenko wrote about Babii Iar – the place of the mass extermination of what Jewish population was left in Kiev after the Nazis took the town – the former should probably be considered a higher achievement. Its poetic quality derives markedly from the use of allusion, of the unsaid, opening the way to a vast semantic space; it originates, however, from necessity: Ehrenburg, writing in 1945, was in all likelihood looking for a way to express the mourning for the victims of Babii Iar in a time when it was not possible to do it in a more direct way – in its first publication, the poem carried no title, and the connection to the concrete historical event needed as well to be caught by deduction. The effect of Evtushenko’s text, on the other hand – the effect on the poet’s career included – is based on its explicitness only: it should naturally be maintained as a work of a more political than poetic value. It should be remembered, however, that Evtushenko was striving for a renewal of poetry by the inclusion of markedly unpoetic material, of which political language can be considered an instance just as Maiakovskii’s foul language.

Confrontando le poesie dedicate al massacro di Babij Jar (lo sterminio metodico di tutta la popolazione ebraica rimasta a Kiev dopo la conquista nazista) da Il’ja Erenburg ed Evgenij Evtušenko dovremmo con ogni probabilità considerare superiore quella del primo. La sua qualità poetica deriva in gran parte dall’uso dell’allusione, del non detto, che apre spazi semantici superiori; questa caratteristica deriva però probabilmente da un caso di necessità: Erenburg, che scriveva nel 1945, cercava evidentemente una strada per far penetrare alla stampa una commemorazione delle vittime di Babij Jar in un periodo in cui, in Unione Sovietica, era impossibile farlo in modo più esplicito – nella prima edizione, la poesia era senza titolo e il collegamento all’episodio di Babij Jar poteva solo essere dedotto. L’effetto della poesia di Evtušenko, d’altro canto – incluso l’effetto sulla carriera del poeta – discende completamente dal suo carattere violentemente esplicito: la conclusione logica è che il valore politico del testo sia superiore a quello poetico. Non bisogna dimenticare, però, lo sforzo di rinnovamento della poesia attraverso l’inclusione di materiale marcatamente impoetico, dove il linguaggio politico assume un valore analogo all’uso del turpiloquio in Majakovskij.

Colombo Duccio (2020). Babij Jar: lo sterminio taciuto e l’arte dell’eufemismo. In M. Di Figlia, D. Tononi (a cura di), Tempo e Shoah: Politiche dell'oblio e forme testimoniali (pp. 31-48). Palermo : Palermo University Press.

Babij Jar: lo sterminio taciuto e l’arte dell’eufemismo

Colombo Duccio
2020-01-01

Abstract

If we were to compare the poems that Ilya Ehrenburg and Evgenii Evtushenko wrote about Babii Iar – the place of the mass extermination of what Jewish population was left in Kiev after the Nazis took the town – the former should probably be considered a higher achievement. Its poetic quality derives markedly from the use of allusion, of the unsaid, opening the way to a vast semantic space; it originates, however, from necessity: Ehrenburg, writing in 1945, was in all likelihood looking for a way to express the mourning for the victims of Babii Iar in a time when it was not possible to do it in a more direct way – in its first publication, the poem carried no title, and the connection to the concrete historical event needed as well to be caught by deduction. The effect of Evtushenko’s text, on the other hand – the effect on the poet’s career included – is based on its explicitness only: it should naturally be maintained as a work of a more political than poetic value. It should be remembered, however, that Evtushenko was striving for a renewal of poetry by the inclusion of markedly unpoetic material, of which political language can be considered an instance just as Maiakovskii’s foul language.
2020
Settore L-LIN/21 - Slavistica
Colombo Duccio (2020). Babij Jar: lo sterminio taciuto e l’arte dell’eufemismo. In M. Di Figlia, D. Tononi (a cura di), Tempo e Shoah: Politiche dell'oblio e forme testimoniali (pp. 31-48). Palermo : Palermo University Press.
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
Tempo e Shoah Clessidre n.1-pagine-1-7,38-55.pdf

Solo gestori archvio

Descrizione: Indice, frontespizio e saggio
Tipologia: Versione Editoriale
Dimensione 1.44 MB
Formato Adobe PDF
1.44 MB Adobe PDF   Visualizza/Apri   Richiedi una copia

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10447/428799
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus ND
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? ND
social impact