Traced a preliminary historical annotation, the essay presents the analytical activities that supported the elab- oration of the restoration project of the baroque façade of Palazzo Bertini in Ragusa (included into the Unesco World Heritage List) and the phases of the restoration site regarding the techniques of cleaning, consolidation and reintegration of the stone surfaces and ancient plasters of the historical architecture. The building was erected in the late eighteenth century along one of the main axes of the urban system developed after the earthquake of 1693 in eastern Sicily. The original balance of the Baroque façade, however, was modified in 1847, when a significant overhaul of the road conformation was carried out, with the lowering of the original level. The main portal was lengthened and the three secondary portals became the openings with a balcony placed at the intermediate level; they are characterized by the three stone-pitched masks placed in the arch-wrench, which represent a “mendicant”, a “nobleman” and an “eastern man”. The restoration has been directed towards the most rigorous conservation of all the elements of the articulated Baroque façade. The cleaning operations provided for the removal of degradation phenomena respecting the material surfaces and natural patinas. The architectural elements of calcarenite and the masks of stone-pitch (a stone of asphaltic nature) had developed extensive and serious phenomena of disintegration and formation of black crusts; they have been consolidated - depending on the case - with the use of ethyl silicate or the applications of stable solutions based on micronized hydraulic lime, and, afterwards, cleaned with the nebulized water or the chemical packs with ammonium carbonate; the biological patinas have been removed with biocidal products. The preliminary thermographic investigation of the eighteenth-century plaster emphasized the phenomena of detachment from the wall support and scientifically guided the consolidation with the micro-injections of hydraulic lime and the reintegration of the lacunas. Some extraneous elements have been removed, such as the pins of old electric cables and some improper cement mendings. The reintegration of the gaps in the plastered surfaces has been carried out with attention to the chemical-physical compatibility with the existing mortars, verified through the laboratory tests on sample and thin slice of stone and plaster, which have highlighted their mineralogical- petrographic characteristics. The intervention on the valuable elements in wrought iron has been carried out by the removal with brushes of the oxidative layer and other accumulation substances; the subsequent treatment involved protection with microcrystalline wax passed by brush. Some computer simulations guided the final operation of “color veiling” (calcium carbonate water) in some areas of the Baroque façade. The article describes the interventions carried out during the restoration site and their outcome, recalling the reflections that led to the operational choices. A closing reflection wants to underline the importance of conservation of historical plasters and suggests avoiding the extensive repainting of the facades with colors of pure invention, which alter the perception of the urban scene in the historical districts.

Il contributo presenta le attività analitiche che hanno supportato l’elaborazione del progetto di restauro della facciata barocca del palazzo Bertini a Ragusa, inserito nella lista del Patrimonio Mondiale dell’Umanità UNESCO, e le fasi del cantiere di restauro, con particolare riguardo alle tecniche di pulitura, consolidamento e reintegrazione delle superfici architettoniche. Il palazzo è edificato alla fine del XVIII secolo lungo uno degli assi principali dell’impianto urbano sviluppato dopo il terremoto del 1693. L’originaria conformazione della facciata barocca viene modificata nel 1847, quando si esegue una significativa revisione dell’assetto stradale, con l’abbassamento della quota originaria: il portale è allungato e i tre portali minori divengono le aperture con balcone poste al piano intermedio; questi, nelle chiavi d’arco, recano scolpiti i “mascheroni” in pietra pece, ovvero le teste del mendicante, del nobiluomo e dell’uomo giunto dall’oriente. Il progetto di restauro è indirizzato verso la conservazione di tutti gli elementi dell’articolata facciata. Le operazioni di pulitura hanno previsto la rimozione dei fenomeni di degrado nel rispetto delle superfici materiche e delle patine naturali. Gli elementi architettonici di calcarenite e i mascheroni di pietra pece manifestavano consistenti fenomeni di disgregazione e croste nere, e sono stati consolidati - a seconda dei casi - con l’impiego del silicato d’etile o le applicazioni di soluzioni stabili a base di nano-calce, quindi puliti con acqua nebulizzata o impacchi di argilla con carbonato di ammonio; le patine biologiche sono state rimosse con sostanze biocida. La preliminare indagine termografica dell’intonaco settecentesco ha evidenziato i fenomeni di distacco dal supporto murario e guidato gli interventi di consolidamento con micro-iniezioni di calce idraulica e le reintegrazioni delle lacune. Sono stati rimossi alcuni elementi estranei, come i perni dei vecchi cavi elettrici ed alcuni rammendi cementizi. Le reintegrazioni nelle superfici intonacate sono state eseguite con particolare attenzione alla compatibilità chimico-fisica con le malte esistenti, verificata attraverso le indagini di laboratorio svolte su campioni d’intonaco in sezione sottile, che ne hanno evidenziato le caratteristiche mineralogico-petrografiche. L’intervento sui pregevoli elementi in ferro è condotto mediante l’asportazione con spazzole dello strato ossidativo e di altre sostanze estranee; il successivo trattamento ha interessato la protezione con cera microcristallina passata a pennello. Alcune simulazioni vettoriali, infine, hanno guidato l’operazione conclusiva di velatura in alcune aree della facciata barocca. Il contributo presenterà in dettaglio gli interventi svolti durante il cantiere di restauro ed il loro esito, evidenziando le riflessioni che hanno condotto alle scelte operative.

Ventimiglia, G., Gatto, G. (2018). Il cantiere di restauro della facciata barocca del palazzo Floridia-Bertini a Ragusa, patrimonio mondiale dell'umanità (UNESCO). In ReUSO 2018 L'intreccio dei saperi per rispettare il passato, interpretare il presente, salvaguardare il futuro (pp. 2359-2370). Roma : Gangemi Editore International.

Il cantiere di restauro della facciata barocca del palazzo Floridia-Bertini a Ragusa, patrimonio mondiale dell'umanità (UNESCO)

Ventimiglia, Gaspare
;
2018-01-01

Abstract

Traced a preliminary historical annotation, the essay presents the analytical activities that supported the elab- oration of the restoration project of the baroque façade of Palazzo Bertini in Ragusa (included into the Unesco World Heritage List) and the phases of the restoration site regarding the techniques of cleaning, consolidation and reintegration of the stone surfaces and ancient plasters of the historical architecture. The building was erected in the late eighteenth century along one of the main axes of the urban system developed after the earthquake of 1693 in eastern Sicily. The original balance of the Baroque façade, however, was modified in 1847, when a significant overhaul of the road conformation was carried out, with the lowering of the original level. The main portal was lengthened and the three secondary portals became the openings with a balcony placed at the intermediate level; they are characterized by the three stone-pitched masks placed in the arch-wrench, which represent a “mendicant”, a “nobleman” and an “eastern man”. The restoration has been directed towards the most rigorous conservation of all the elements of the articulated Baroque façade. The cleaning operations provided for the removal of degradation phenomena respecting the material surfaces and natural patinas. The architectural elements of calcarenite and the masks of stone-pitch (a stone of asphaltic nature) had developed extensive and serious phenomena of disintegration and formation of black crusts; they have been consolidated - depending on the case - with the use of ethyl silicate or the applications of stable solutions based on micronized hydraulic lime, and, afterwards, cleaned with the nebulized water or the chemical packs with ammonium carbonate; the biological patinas have been removed with biocidal products. The preliminary thermographic investigation of the eighteenth-century plaster emphasized the phenomena of detachment from the wall support and scientifically guided the consolidation with the micro-injections of hydraulic lime and the reintegration of the lacunas. Some extraneous elements have been removed, such as the pins of old electric cables and some improper cement mendings. The reintegration of the gaps in the plastered surfaces has been carried out with attention to the chemical-physical compatibility with the existing mortars, verified through the laboratory tests on sample and thin slice of stone and plaster, which have highlighted their mineralogical- petrographic characteristics. The intervention on the valuable elements in wrought iron has been carried out by the removal with brushes of the oxidative layer and other accumulation substances; the subsequent treatment involved protection with microcrystalline wax passed by brush. Some computer simulations guided the final operation of “color veiling” (calcium carbonate water) in some areas of the Baroque façade. The article describes the interventions carried out during the restoration site and their outcome, recalling the reflections that led to the operational choices. A closing reflection wants to underline the importance of conservation of historical plasters and suggests avoiding the extensive repainting of the facades with colors of pure invention, which alter the perception of the urban scene in the historical districts.
2018
Settore ICAR/19 - Restauro
978-88-492-3659-0
Ventimiglia, G., Gatto, G. (2018). Il cantiere di restauro della facciata barocca del palazzo Floridia-Bertini a Ragusa, patrimonio mondiale dell'umanità (UNESCO). In ReUSO 2018 L'intreccio dei saperi per rispettare il passato, interpretare il presente, salvaguardare il futuro (pp. 2359-2370). Roma : Gangemi Editore International.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10447/351172
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