Background: Autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia (ARH) is a rare inherited lipid disorder. In Sardinia, differently from other world regions, the mutated allele frequency is high. It is caused by mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor adaptor protein 1 gene. Fourteen different mutations have been reported so far; in Sardinia, 2 alleles (ARH1 and ARH2) explain most of the cases. Four ARH patients, all carriers of the ARH1 mutation, have been identified in mainland Italy and 2 in Sicily. Objective: The objectives of the study were to improve the molecular diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and to estimate the frequency of the ARH1 allele in 2 free-living Sicilian populations. Methods: We sequenced by targeted next-generation sequencing 20 genes related to low-density lipoprotein metabolism in 50 hypercholesterolemic subjects. Subjects from 2 free-living populations from Northern (Ventimiglia Heart Study, 848 individuals) and Southern Sicily (Zabut Zabùt Aging Project, 1717 individuals) were genotyped for ARH1 allele. Results: We identified 1 homozygous carrier of the ARH1 mutation among the 50 hypercholesterolemic outpatients. Population-based genotyping of ARH1 in 2565 subjects allowed the identification of 1 heterozygous carrier. The overall estimated allele frequency of ARH1 in Sicily was 0.0002 (0.02%). Conclusions: The identification of a new case of ARH in Sicily among 50 clinically diagnosed FH highlights the importance of next-generation sequencing analysis as tool to improve the FH diagnosis. Our results also indicate that ARH1 carrier status is present in ∼1:2500 of Sicilian inhabitants, confirming that ARH is extremely rare outside Sardinia.

Spina, R., Noto, D., Barbagallo, C., Monastero, R., Ingrassia, V., Valenti, V., et al. (2018). Genetic epidemiology of autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia in Sicily: Identification by next-generation sequencing of a new kindred. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LIPIDOLOGY, 12(1), 145-151 [10.1016/j.jacl.2017.10.014].

Genetic epidemiology of autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia in Sicily: Identification by next-generation sequencing of a new kindred

Spina, Rossella
Writing – Original Draft Preparation
;
Noto, Davide
Writing – Review & Editing
;
Barbagallo, Carlo M
Writing – Review & Editing
;
Monastero, Roberto
Supervision
;
Ingrassia, Valeria
Methodology
;
Valenti, Vincenza
Methodology
;
Baschi, Roberta
Investigation
;
Giammanco, Antonina
Membro del Collaboration Group
;
Misiano, Gabriella
Membro del Collaboration Group
;
Scrimali, Chiara
Membro del Collaboration Group
;
Cefalù, Angelo B
Supervision
;
Averna, Maurizio R.
Supervision
2018-01-01

Abstract

Background: Autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia (ARH) is a rare inherited lipid disorder. In Sardinia, differently from other world regions, the mutated allele frequency is high. It is caused by mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor adaptor protein 1 gene. Fourteen different mutations have been reported so far; in Sardinia, 2 alleles (ARH1 and ARH2) explain most of the cases. Four ARH patients, all carriers of the ARH1 mutation, have been identified in mainland Italy and 2 in Sicily. Objective: The objectives of the study were to improve the molecular diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and to estimate the frequency of the ARH1 allele in 2 free-living Sicilian populations. Methods: We sequenced by targeted next-generation sequencing 20 genes related to low-density lipoprotein metabolism in 50 hypercholesterolemic subjects. Subjects from 2 free-living populations from Northern (Ventimiglia Heart Study, 848 individuals) and Southern Sicily (Zabut Zabùt Aging Project, 1717 individuals) were genotyped for ARH1 allele. Results: We identified 1 homozygous carrier of the ARH1 mutation among the 50 hypercholesterolemic outpatients. Population-based genotyping of ARH1 in 2565 subjects allowed the identification of 1 heterozygous carrier. The overall estimated allele frequency of ARH1 in Sicily was 0.0002 (0.02%). Conclusions: The identification of a new case of ARH in Sicily among 50 clinically diagnosed FH highlights the importance of next-generation sequencing analysis as tool to improve the FH diagnosis. Our results also indicate that ARH1 carrier status is present in ∼1:2500 of Sicilian inhabitants, confirming that ARH is extremely rare outside Sardinia.
2018
Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna
Settore MED/26 - Neurologia
Spina, R., Noto, D., Barbagallo, C., Monastero, R., Ingrassia, V., Valenti, V., et al. (2018). Genetic epidemiology of autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia in Sicily: Identification by next-generation sequencing of a new kindred. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LIPIDOLOGY, 12(1), 145-151 [10.1016/j.jacl.2017.10.014].
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10447/247974
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